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Salmonella in poultry
Poultry can become infected with many different types of salmonella; about 10 percent of all Salmonella spp. have been detected in poultry. The most important are Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis. Other serotypes frequently occurring in poultry worldwide are, for example, Salmonella Hadar, Salmonella Livingstone, and Salmonella Senftenberg. In most cases, the birds are not sick and the production is not affected. The degree of illness depends on factors of both the bacteria and the host. The bacterium’s serotype and phage type is of significance but also the type of animal, age and general health status. S.Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis may induce clinical symptoms in poultry. It is mainly in very young chickens aged up to two weeks that salmonella can cause disease and death. The symptoms may vary and include weakness, loss of appetite and poor growth. The animals are crowded close to heat sources and sit with drooping wings and their eyes closed.
Introduction Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) accounts for nearly 20% of laboratory-confirmed illnesses of salmonellosis in recent years (CDC, 2014). Consumption of shell eggs and egg products is associated with risk of infection from Salmonella Enteritidis in humans (CDC, 2003; Cowden et al., 1989; Elson et al., 2005). A large multistate outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis led to a recall...
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1. Introduction Salmonella enterica subsp. I serovar Enteritidis (SE) is the world’s leading cause of human salmonellosis (Braden, 2006; Schroeder et al., 2006). It is unique among over 2500 S. enterica (S.) serotypes, because it alone has the ability to efficiently contaminate the internal contents of eggs produced by otherwise healthy hens at a frequency associated with substantial food-borne disease (Gantois et...
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What can we do to keep feed from being contaminated by Salmonella, increase the laying rate of hens, improve the quality of eggs, and produce raw eggs without causing foodborne Salmonella infection in humans? Only starting from the food source, speeding up the upgrading of feed processing equipment, eliminating Salmonella to the greatest extent, reducing the cost from the source and improving the egg quality. ...
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Salmonella spp. are among major food-borne pathogens throughout the world, which cause approximately 94 million enteric infections and 155,000 human deaths each year (Majowicz et al. , 2010). They are most often detected in poultry meat, although diseases are frequently associated with contaminated eggs and egg products (EFSA, 2015). Moreover, antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella species is a global threat for animal...
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INTRODUCTION Fluoroquinolones are the third generation of quinolone development. Nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid are examples of the first generation and currently have limited activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Fluorinated 4-quinolones were introduced to the market in the 1980s and were the top of the line antibiotics, offering a broad spectrum of activity and high efficacy in a wide range of infections both...
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Martha Pulido, Associate Clinical Professor at the Mississippi State University, sums up her lecture Food safety – Salmonella update in broilers, during the Intestinal Health Workshop, supported by DSM Nutritional Products, at the North Carolina State University...
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A team of Canadian scientists has identified a gene that confers resistance to the broad-spectrum antibiotic fosfomycin, according to a study yesterday in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy .
The gene, dubbed fosA7, was found in 15 Salmonella enterica isolates from broiler chickens in British Columbia. The isolates were of the Salmonella Heidelberg serotype, which is commonly identified in poultry and has become one of the leading...
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Background Disease caused by foodborne pathogens contributes to serious public health concerns [1]. The Food Safety and Inspection Services (FSIS) have stated that Salmonella is the most common cause of foodborne illness among enteric pathogens [2]. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that salmonellosis is reemerging as an important infectious disease worldwide [3]. According to the USDA-FSIS reports, presence of Salmonella due to fecal contamination of carcasses is...
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Introduction Host genetics plays an indispensable role in response to Salmonella colonization of chickens. For the past several years, we have been profiling the phenotype of two parental broiler lines (A and B) with regard to their resistance or susceptibility against bacterial (Salmonella enteritidis, Ferro et al., 2004; Swaggerty et al., 2005a;Enterococcus...
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1. Introduction Probiotics may alter gut microflora in poultry and play a role in competitive exclusion (CE) of Salmonella by the Nurmi concept ( Pivnick and Nurmi, 1982). Competitive exclusion involves oral administration of intestinal microflora derived from healthy salmonella-free adult birds into newly hatched chicks. Establishment of an adult intestinal microflora in newly hatched...
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An impact of Deoxynivalenol produced by Fusarium graminearum on broiler chickens
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John Brake (NC State University) talked about feed quality, gut development and housing conditions to prevent Salmonella during CLANA 2016 in Cancun, Mexico....
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Introduction Brazil currently ranks as the major exporter of chicken meat in the world with markets in more than 150 countries. Salmonella enterica (Salm. enterica) is one of the most important bacterial pathogens that can cause foodborne illness (Schroeder et al. 2006). It is often transmitted to people by eggs and other poultry products (Hogue et al. 1997). The Brazilian poultry...
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Martha Pulido - Landinez will be one of the speakers at the XXIV Central America and Caribbean Poultry Congress that will take place in Antigua, Guatemala, on November 10th and 11th.
Pulido-Landínez works in the Poultry Research and Diagnostic Laboratory of the...
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Introduction Salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease produced by the Gram-negative enteric bacterium Salmonella. Salmonella are not restricted to particular host species, with more than 2500 serotypes having been described mostly belonging to the species Salmonella enterica (1), with most having asymptomatic colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of animals. The most...
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Introduction With the growth of the poultry industry, avian salmonellosis became a limiting factor in poultry farms, in which can cause significant economic losses in all stages of production. Avian salmonellosis is the term that designates a large group of acute or chronic bird diseases caused by one or more bacteria of the genus Salmonella (Gast, 1997). These bacteria are...
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1-Introduction Avian Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella species, is one of these factors that results in economic problems concerning all stages of poultry industry from production to marketing. It causes drop of performance parameters such as egg production, fertility, hatchability and increased early chick mortality (Abd Ellatef, 1995). ...
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Each year, layer flocks in Denmark are infected with Salmonella. These infections, which are caused by several different serological types, are usually detected by means of compulsory Salmonella monitoring samples, and usually do not cause any clinical symptoms in the hens. Eggs from such Salmonella-infected flocks constitute a well-known risk to humans who eat raw or insufficiently heat-treated eggs (EFSA/EDC 2013). In 2013, however, the infection-source report...
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Abstract
Salmonella monitoring and control is a priority in the EU. Control strategies have been implemented on a voluntary basis but are also imposed by various authorities. Obligatory and voluntary monitoring programs provide valuable information on the present status of Salmonella contamination at the different levels of the poultry production chain. In this...
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Introduction. There is good experimental and epidemiological evidence that primary infection of Salmonella is by the oral-fecal route, along with an established infectious dose (Blaser and Newman, 1982; White et al., 1997; Galanis et al., 2006). Although the common route of transmission for many zoonotic pathogens such as...
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DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Our laboratory hypothesized that tracheal sampling may be a viable method for detecting Salmonella contamination in poultry. Very recent research from our laboratory suggested that tracheal inoculation is indeed possible, and that low doses of Salmonella administered directly into the trachea can cause systemic infection [1, 2]. Thus, if infection does occur through respiratory...
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