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Poultry welfare
Proper animal welfare involves providing the proper housing, management, nutrition, disease prevention and treatment, responsible care, humane handling and, when necessary, humane euthanasia. These factors allow for the most optimal and humane growing environment. The concept of animal welfare includes three elements: the bird’s normal biological functioning, its emotional state and its ability to express its natural behaviors. Improving animal welfare can be accomplished through offerings like poultry feed enrichment, which can reduce stress, thereby increasing performance, productivity and profitability. Animal welfare is currently a major requirement for intensive poultry production. Beak trimming, stocking density, free access to feed, heat stress, and air pollutants became important issues, which are regulated in several countries. Animal welfare is observed by watching how birds naturally behave and even by looking at mortality stemming from aggressive behaviors.
The poultry industry plays a pivotal role in meeting global demands for protein-rich food. However, it faces significant challenges due to emerging infectious diseases, environmental concerns, and ethical considerations surrounding animal welfare. This abstract presents a comprehensive perspective on the integration of biosecurity measures within the framework of One Health, with the aim of enhancing the overall health, welfare, and productivity of commercial poultry operations. The concept...
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In the face of escalating global concerns about the occurrence of animal disease outbreaks, effective and sustainable methods for the management of animal mortalities have become a critical component of public health and biosecurity strategies. This abstract presents a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the field of animal mortality management, with a specific focus on innovative technologies, practices, and policies designed to mitigate the environmental, economic, and health...
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Thermal stress happens when the animal leaves its thermal comfort zone, it means neither too cold nor too hot, let's say it feels good. In both of the cases, the stress due to heat and cold, the problem itself is not the temperature alone, but its relation to relative humidity level. The...
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The Australian Egg Industry has identified opportunities to optimise production performance, health, flock consistency and egg quality through best practice. Using a cross-sectional survey design for 3 stakeholder groups (farm staff, managers, and consultants), we assessed current knowledge, attitudes, practices, barriers and enablers of adoption of best practices in poultry welfare, health, biosecurity and production performance. Of the 61 manager surveys posted, 27 were returned; of...
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Alternative procedure for determining lysine maintenance requirement in poultry
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I. INTRODUCTION Phytogenic products are used as an antibiotic alternative, with other alternatives like prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids and other products with antimicrobial properties. The ability of phytogens to reduce the load of significant pathogens such as Clostridium (2020), Escherichia (Zou et al., 2016), and Salmonella (Abudabos et al., 2016), and improve the health and performance of chickens makes them increasingly popular. Phytogens also improve critical layer...
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I. INTRODUCTION Wheat is the predominant feed grain in Australia and other dry regions in the world. Typical broiler diets in Australia contain 60-70% wheat. Climate-induced factors, including elevated temperature, have been reported as depressing crop production around the globe during the last few decades (Fernie et al., 2022) and there is limited understanding of how climate-induced factors may influence the nutritional quality of wheat. The sowing time of wheat is the most...
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I. INTRODUCTION Brooding chicks with maternal care can improve the welfare of chicks; specifically, by improving prosocial behavior and reducing feather pecking (Edgar et al., 2016). Yet providing chicks mother hens in industry is impractical and a biosecurity risk. Artificial components of maternal care may provide some benefits to chicks and improve welfare. Indeed, there is some evidence that lighting that mimics the maternal environment, synthetic maternal olfactory cues and...
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by Lyndsey Johnston
A group of researchers from the Georgia Tech Research Institute, University of Saskatchewan, University of Georgia, Auburn University, USDA-ARS U.S National Poultry Research Center, and Tyson Foods studied the concept of an alternative slaughtering procedure on farm and its effects on carcass quality, carcass microbiology, and meat quality. The team hypothesized that the on-farm slaughter and transport system, or FSaT, may improve welfare and...
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Frequent visits to an outdoor range has been associated with good meat chicken welfare but not all chickens will access the outdoor range when provided with the opportunity (Taylor et al., 2018). On average, it takes an average of three to four days for most meat chickens in commercial conditions to access the range after the pop-holes first open (Taylor et al., 2017a). Yet chickens that access the range soon after the pop-holes first open, range more frequently throughout their lives...
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You are frying eggs for breakfast. You get distracted and the next thing you know your eggs are burning and your kitchen is filling with smoke. What do you do first? Open the window to get rid of the smoke or remove the skillet from the stove to stop the generation of the smoke? You of course, remove the skillet from the stove, then open windows because opening the windows in itself doesn't solve the problem, because your eggs are still burning and filling the kitchen with...
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Introduction Coccidiosis is a parasitic infection caused by Eimeria spp and persistently affecting broiler chicken, causing high morbidity, impaired growth, and mortality [1]. Unlike many other protozoan parasites, Eimeria spp exclusively invades the intestinal epithelium showing high tissue specificity [2]. Eimeria (E.) maxima is characterized by producing the largest oocysts and male gamonts among the other species infecting chicken [3]. E. maxima particularly infects chickens at...
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Aidan Connolly (AgriTech Capital President) comments on how much and how fast can the poultry industry grow by embracing new technologies, in this Engormix interview....
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Gonzalo Moreno (FENAVI Executive President) comments on the relevance of a sustainability program as a managerial tool, and how to better communicate its impact, in this Engormix interview....
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Annie Kneedler (Chief of Party – USAID TRANSFORM at Cargill) comments on the TRANSFORM project activities and how to improve animal health through global collaboration, in this Engormix interview....
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Nath Morris (USPOULTRY President) talks about strategies against Avian Influenza and other challenges in the industry, as well as a new USPOULTRY podcast and expectations for the upcoming IPPE 2025, in this Engormix interview....
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Paul Bredwell (Vice President of Environmental Programs at USPOULTRY) comments on the framework progress, great reception in the industry, and how to involve more people from the value chain, in this Engormix interview....
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Introduction Broiler chickens require favourable rearing conditions to maximise their genetic potential for growth. Significant deviations from optimum rearing conditions can compromise feed utilization, growth performance, and bird welfare [1]. Stocking density is one critical rearing factor that has serious implications on the economic and social sustainability of the poultry industry. Globally, the accepted industry standard is to achieve between 30 and 38 kg bodyweight per...
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In many regions, animal production under hot conditions is a major challenge and is expected to become more common in the future. During heat stress, several strategies are used to dissipate excess heat. When high temperatures, water consumption increases, and feed intake decreases (thus reducing nutrient absorption).In order to dissipate heat, livestock will increase the heart and breathing rate. Metabolism is severely affected and usually leads to oxidative stress. Poultry is a...
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Introduction Locomotory activity is strongly associated with broiler chicken welfare; many behavioral patterns that depend on locomotion, such as exploration, seeking food, water, shelter, and escaping predators, are negatively affected by the poor walking ability in fast-growing broiler chickens [1]. Rapid muscle growth and exacerbated development of the Pectoralis major muscle in fast-growing broiler chickens change the chickens’ center of gravity, altering the...
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Introduction Heat stress (HS) is one of the most challenging environmental stressors despite the modern climate control equipment in broiler chickens’ houses. Broiler flocks may be seasonally exposed to HS that varies in intensity according to the relative humidity of the region [1]. Multiple studies have identified the various adverse effects of acute or chronic HS on chickens, such as a severe reduction in feed intake and growth [2–4], systemic alkalosis [5],...
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