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Poultry vaccines
Disease prevention by vaccination is an integral part of flock health management protocols. Active immunization using live vaccines is the current industry standard. Routinely used vaccines in chickens include MDV, NDV, IBV, and IBDV, and in turkeys NDV and HEV. Newer vaccines, including molecular recombinants in which genes of immunogenic proteins from infectious agents are inserted into a live viral vector, are also being examined for commercial use. Efforts are under way to enhance vaccine efficacy by the use of adjuvants, particularly cytokines. The vaccine delivery systems include in ovo injection, aerosol, spray, drinking water, eye drop, and wing web injection. The in ovo vaccination procedure is relatively new and at the present time it is used primarily to vaccinate broiler chickens against MDV. Birds respond to vaccines by developing humoral and cellular immune responses. There are two main types of vaccine available for poultry: live or killed.
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is often induced in broilers after getting infected with coccidiosis. However, not all sources of Eimeria, as a causative agent of coccidiosis, can successfully induce NE. This study was conducted to assess whether different doses of Eimeria combinations predispose broiler chickens to NE, compared with the NE challenge model used at UNE. A total of 768 d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were assigned to 48 floor pens each stocked with 16 birds replicated 6 times per...
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Mitsu Suyemoto (North Carolina State University) speaks on the mortality caused by Enterococcus Cecorum and her research on probiotics and other solutions to fight this disease, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Ravi Kulkarni (North Carolina State University) talks about Infectious Laryngotracheitis, the impact this disease has in the poultry industry, and how vaccination against it can be improved, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Evan Chaney (Cargill) Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause colibacillosis in poultry operations resulting in significant flock health and economic burden, creating the need for additional solutions to promote resiliency against infection. This study evaluated a postbiotic feed additive containing a saponin ingredient (SCFP+; Dia-V™ PT PLUS prototype, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA), alone or in combination with...
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Developing effective natural solutions for animals - Liptosa: 2020 Summary and 2021 Challenges
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Kalen Cookson (Zoetis) Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infections within the first 2 weeks of age cause significant immune suppression while infections after 3 weeks are less severe and more transient. The purpose of this study was to see if a 3-week IBDV challenge could significantly reduce immunity against an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) challenge given 4 days later. Study Design: Ross 708 broilers with high maternal antibodies to IBDV...
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Mohammed el Amine Benarbia (NOR-FEED) speaks on the characteristics of saponins and the results of his research presented at IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Kalen Cookson (Zoetis) talks about immune suppression and vaccination in his research on IBDV and IBV challenges presented at IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Amine Benarbia (NOR-FEED) Eimeria spp. completes its life cycle within the host’s gastrointestinal tract. its reproduction has been known to damage enterocytes, leading to decreased growth performance and welfare in chickens. Controlling the reproduction cycle and limiting oocyst excretion could explain the observed efficacy of steroidal saponin-based standardized premixture -Norponin XO- (NPXO) supplementation in chicken. The objective of this...
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1. Introduction Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a single-stranded enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the genus Gammacoronavirus , family Coronaviridae [1]. The virus causes a clinical disease characterized by coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales, and watery eyes. In layer and breeder chickens, the disease is associated with both quantity and quality deterioration of egg production. Lesions in infected birds include the degeneration of renal and ciliated respiratory...
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A new stage begins in terms of vaccinations against Salmonella. From May 2021, Primun Salmonella E can be applied in laying the first live vaccine against Salmonella Enteritidis that has been authorized for that period. In this way, we give the respite that the producer had been asking for for a long time. The productive cycles of laying hens are getting longer and the immunity that has been given through the vaccines applied only in the rearing period, did not cover the new...
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Dr. Damer Blake (Royal Veterinary College) explains his recent findings on this parasite and how to control the damage that it causes, during the 5th IHSIG Symposium on Poultry Intestinal Health in Bangkok, Thailand....
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Maricarmen García (University of Georgia) invites you to the 14th International Symposium on Marek's Disease and Avian Herpesviruses (July 12-14, 2024) in St. Louis, USA, where experts will discuss molecular biology, vaccines, and new technologies related to these diseases....
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Marcela Uhart (Director, Latin America Program, UC Davis One Health Institute) comments on virus reassortments, the role of migratory species, as well as possible measures, during Avicola Porcinos 2023 in Buenos Aires, Argentina....
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Christophe Cazaban (Poultry Scientific Director, Ceva Animal Health) speaks on the different vaccines available on the market to fight this disease, as well as the benefits and limitations of known and new technologies, during Avicola Porcinos 2023 in Buenos Aires, Argentina....
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AL2 is the most prevalent IBD virus in U.S. broilers, accounting for as much as half of today’s field isolations. The newest recombinant rHVTIBD vaccine was introduced in 2021. Previous studies in broilers with no IBD maternal antibodies showed this vaccine gave high levels of protection (70-78%) against AL2 challenge by 18-19 days. This paper will present 2 studies conducted to measure AL2 protection in commercial broilers. Study Design: Ross 708 broilers from a single breeder source...
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1. Introduction Coccidiosis is a major enteric infection of poultry that is estimated to cost more than USD 14.5 billion annual losses globally [1]. Although coccidiosis control using various anticoccidial chemicals, such as ionophores, coccidiocides, and coccidiostats, has long been a mainstream strategy in modern poultry production, alternative control strategies to antibiotics are necessary owing to the antibiotic ban [2]. Therefore, much effort has been made to develop...
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Back ground One of the challenges I had during my work as the research and development manager of one of the leading semi-integrated (rearing/processing) broiler operations in Sri Lanka was to investigate why infectious bursal disease (IBD) out breaks occurred from time to time in the two close house broiler farms belonging to the company despites of administering three IBD vaccines during a production cycle. It was...
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Introduction Infectious bronchitis (IB) virus, first described in the 1930s (Schalk & Hawn, 1931), continues to be a major cause of disease in chickens of all ages and types in all parts of the world (Anon, 1988, 1991). Good quality vaccines have been available to control IB infections since the 1950s. However, despite their careful use, IB continues to be a major problem. One reason for this is the large number of...
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Salmonella serotypes vary throughout the livestock industry. Historically Salmonella Enteritidis is not considered to be prevalent in Australian poultry flocks. As recently as 2018 a novel S. Enteritidis emerged in the industry (FSANZ, 2019). Although, there are no specific vaccines available in Australia against this serotype in poultry, the use of live attenuated Salmonella vaccines that have the potential to cross protect against several Salmonella serotypes could be a solution for the...
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Can I use ascorbic acid to neutralize chlorine water vaccination? ...
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