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Poultry vaccines
Disease prevention by vaccination is an integral part of flock health management protocols. Active immunization using live vaccines is the current industry standard. Routinely used vaccines in chickens include MDV, NDV, IBV, and IBDV, and in turkeys NDV and HEV. Newer vaccines, including molecular recombinants in which genes of immunogenic proteins from infectious agents are inserted into a live viral vector, are also being examined for commercial use. Efforts are under way to enhance vaccine efficacy by the use of adjuvants, particularly cytokines. The vaccine delivery systems include in ovo injection, aerosol, spray, drinking water, eye drop, and wing web injection. The in ovo vaccination procedure is relatively new and at the present time it is used primarily to vaccinate broiler chickens against MDV. Birds respond to vaccines by developing humoral and cellular immune responses. There are two main types of vaccine available for poultry: live or killed.
1. Introduction Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are highly transmissible diseases that cause substantial economic losses in the poultry industry [1, 2]. Infectious bronchitis is caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gammacoronavirus with a single-stranded positive sense RNA genome [3]. Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a paramyxovirus with a single-stranded negative sense RNA genome [4]. Infectious...
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Avian influenza was an exotic disease in Mexico until 1993 when the first H5N2 low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus was identified. After many months of accumulating mutations, this low-pathogenic predecessor evolved into a highly pathogenic strain. This inevitably resulted in the authorities reporting the first H5N2 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus in 1994. To contain the HPAI virus, the government implemented a massive vaccination program, active surveillance,...
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1. Introduction Infectious bronchitis (IB) and Newcastle disease (ND) are highly transmissible diseases that cause substantial economic losses in the poultry industry [1, 2]. Infectious bronchitis is caused by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a gammacoronavirus with a single-stranded positive sense RNA genome [3]. Newcastle disease is caused by virulent strains of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a paramyxovirus with a single-stranded negative sense RNA genome [4]. Infectious...
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Wevap, the new Calier tool, audits the vaccination process (LE). Auditing the vaccination process—from biosecurity measures and sample collection to vaccine preparation and application—is crucial for achieving the desired outcomes...
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FIGAP 2026: The Scientific And Technological Exhibition Of The Livestock Industry
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Auditing the vaccination process from the biosecurity measures that go through the taking of samples or the preparation and application of the vaccine, is key to obtaining the expected results.Wevap the new Calier tool to audit the vaccination process (LE)
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Jim Sumner (Treasurer and former President of IPC) shares his experience on the International Poultry Council and the poultry industry, and comments on the challenges to face, in this Engormix interview....
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Gérard Léveque (Global Manager Animal Health at Hendrix Genetics) talks about the main challenges in the poultry industry and how to better communicate advances in genetics, in this Engormix interview....
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Respected Sir, I would be grateful if you explain me why is mean titer increase above the expected mean titer after vaccination of a breeder -45 wks old- could I consider that field challenge and repeat the vaccination ...
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Supplemental Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 modulates intestinal structure, microbial composition and improve the performance in broiler chickens
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Evan Chaney (Cargill) speaks on colibacillosis, as well as the benefits of a postbiotic developed as a solution, in this interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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INTRODUCTION Salmonella spp. is the second most prevalent zoonotic pathogen in the European Union, and strictly related to poultry production, responsible for 60,050 human gastrointestinal infections during 2021 . In terms of the most significant serovars, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium accounted for approximately 54.6% and 11.4% of the reported cases, respectively. However, salmonelosis can be...
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We investigated the kinetics of vaccine (A20 and Serva) and wild-type (Class 9) infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) strains in dust samples after challenge as part of experiments investigating the level of protection provided by variable initial vaccination coverage against the adverse effects of virulent challenge. Two isolator studies using day-old Cobb broiler chickens were conducted to test the effects of partial vaccination with A20 (Study 1, 15 birds/per isolator) or Serva...
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Enzymes have shown promising effects on performance and intestinal health in broilers (Toghyani et al., 2022). However, the dosage effect of enzymes and combination of different enzymes have not been extensively evaluated under the coccidial vaccine challenge condition. Therefore, a feeding study was conducted to examine the effect of dosage of xylanase+glucanase and the effect of its combination with a high level of phytase on growth performance, health, and welfare of broilers under a mild...
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Transforming Poultry Farming in India with Srinivasa Farms and Hy-Line
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Necrotic enteritis (NE) is often induced in broilers after getting infected with coccidiosis. However, not all sources of Eimeria, as a causative agent of coccidiosis, can successfully induce NE. This study was conducted to assess whether different doses of Eimeria combinations predispose broiler chickens to NE, compared with the NE challenge model used at UNE. A total of 768 d-old Cobb 500 broiler chicks were assigned to 48 floor pens each stocked with 16 birds replicated 6 times per...
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Mitsu Suyemoto (North Carolina State University) speaks on the mortality caused by Enterococcus Cecorum and her research on probiotics and other solutions to fight this disease, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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An impact of Deoxynivalenol produced by Fusarium graminearum on broiler chickens
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Ravi Kulkarni (North Carolina State University) talks about Infectious Laryngotracheitis, the impact this disease has in the poultry industry, and how vaccination against it can be improved, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Evan Chaney (Cargill) Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause colibacillosis in poultry operations resulting in significant flock health and economic burden, creating the need for additional solutions to promote resiliency against infection. This study evaluated a postbiotic feed additive containing a saponin ingredient (SCFP+; Dia-V™ PT PLUS prototype, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA), alone or in combination with...
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Changing Feed Industry Imperatives Call For A Closer Look At On-Site Aflatoxin Test Methods
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Kalen Cookson (Zoetis) Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infections within the first 2 weeks of age cause significant immune suppression while infections after 3 weeks are less severe and more transient. The purpose of this study was to see if a 3-week IBDV challenge could significantly reduce immunity against an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) challenge given 4 days later. Study Design: Ross 708 broilers with high maternal antibodies to IBDV...
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Mohammed el Amine Benarbia (NOR-FEED) speaks on the characteristics of saponins and the results of his research presented at IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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Kalen Cookson (Zoetis) talks about immune suppression and vaccination in his research on IBDV and IBV challenges presented at IPPE 2024 in Atlanta, USA....
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1. Introduction Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a single-stranded enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the genus Gammacoronavirus , family Coronaviridae [1]. The virus causes a clinical disease characterized by coughing, sneezing, tracheal rales, and watery eyes. In layer and breeder chickens, the disease is associated with both quantity and quality deterioration of egg production. Lesions in infected birds include the degeneration of renal and ciliated respiratory...
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