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Hatching - Incubation
Hatching of eggs refers to the production of baby chicks. In early days eggs were hatched by placing them under broody hens. Desi hens proved to be ideal for this purpose. Only 10 to 12 eggs can be put under 1 hen. This method of hatching is highly unsatisfactory for large-scale production of baby chicks. Incubators, which provide similar environment as that of broody hens, but more efficiently, are used at present for hatching of eggs. The incubation period for chicken eggs is 20 to 21 days, and increases up to 30 days for other poultry. After sitting for some days, a broody hen can be given some newly hatched chicks and, if they are accepted, the original eggs can be removed and replaced with more chicks. Thus hens with a better record of mothering can be better utilised for their abilities. Eggs initially need a very controlled heat input to maintain the optimum temperature of 38°C, because the embryo is microscopic in size.
Jamesway Incubator Company Inc. is very pleased to announce that Dr. Keith Bramwell has officially joined the company as Senior Technical Advisor. Dr. Bramwell has had an illustrious career in the academic world and has now decided to try the commercial side of the industry. He studied at the University of...
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The NC State University Hatchery Management Workshop 2017 will take place on April 19 and 20. The event is organized by the Cooperative Extension of the Prestage Department of Poultry Science. The objective of this workshop is to provide updated technical and scientific information to understand effects of incubator management on embryo and hatchling.
Topics to discuss:
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Introduction Environmental conditions influence metabolic and developmental processes during the perinatal period of mammals and avian species [1,2,3]. Changes in metabolism and development in this period can have long-term effects in later life [2,4]. Particularly glucose metabolism seems to play a crucial role in survival and early development of animals [1,5,6]. In...
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Some Strategies to Alleviate the Incidence of Ascites in Broilers are 1. Higher level of Vitamin C, Vitamin E & Se 2. Addition of Sodium bicarbonate 1% 3. Addition of 0.2% Aspirin 4. Feed Restriction ...
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INTRODUCTION In Egyptian governorates, the poor storage conditions of market-egg at room temperature especially in summer leads to higher economic losses for producers. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the egg quality characteristics as well as factors affecting them up to arrive to the consumer in the best condition. The park yard system of the egg production sustains the small families’ economics and...
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The greatest challenge for modern hatchery is to achieve uniform, high vitality flocks of day old chicks. Next to incubation technology, good hatchery management can greatly influence this. Uniformity is an important issue for a hatchery, and the use of good hatchery management practices can make a valuable and lasting contribution, from the hatchery right through to farm level . ...
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A common management tool in the handling of hatching eggs is treatment of the eggs with a fumigant or other type of disinfectant to reduce the number of microorganisms on the shell surface. In addition, sanitation of the hatchery building, hatchery equipment, egg transportation equipment, etc., is critical to good hatchability and high quality hatchlings. Penetration of the hatching egg shell by microorganisms results in embryonic mortality, weak chicks, high chick mortality, and poor...
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Multi stage and single stage incubation systems use similar equipment but are operated quite differently except that they both turn the embryos much the same. Multi-stage incubation systems must provide for the average needs of all embryos within the incubator, thus it may not meet the specific needs of the youngest and oldest embryos at the same time in the incubator. Single stage incubation systems...
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1. Introduction
Growth rates of broiler chickens have increased and production cycle times have decreased by 60% in the last 40 years. This is widely agreed to be the direct result of genetic selection and improvements in poultry nutrition (Havenstein et al., 2003a). The incubation and brooding period has become a larger part of the total life span of the broiler chicken. This is expected to increase even more...
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When a problem occurs in hatchability, usually it can be categorized as a hatchery, egg handling, or breeder flock problem. If the problem has originated within the breeder flock, it is probable that it happened at least 4 weeks earlier, assuming 3 weeks of incubation and 1 week of egg storage. This delay in identifying a problem is costly and may even make it impossible to determine the cause if the effect is of short duration. It is necessary to identify the problem as early as possible,...
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Dr. Decuypere speaks about incubation as a hinge between breeder and chick production with temperature as an important management tool. He also speaks about why there`s so much interest on incubation, he talks about chick quality definition and the respiration of the embryo....
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Sometimes we note that black coloured chicks hatched while the breed is normally white coloured in broiler breeder. so why is it so? ...
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Andrew M. Janczak, Associate Professor, Laboratory Head of the Norwegian University of Life Science speaks about the rearing effects on laying hen productivity and welfare....
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I was told that the hatchability for the first 7 days may remain the same as of day one but would decrease @ 1% per day after that. I am of the opinion that it may drop by 1% per week of holding. Has some one done study on this and can you enlighten me. What i am looking for is an answer to say if I hold for 7 days what is the hatch % loss, for 14 days what is the loss and 21 days what is the loss etc. ...
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Dr. Edgar Oviedo, Extension Poultry Specialist, Broiler Management at North Carolina State University speaks about his poster Effects of genetics and incubation temperature profiles on broiler footpad dermatitis, a research done in collaboration with Cobb Vantress....
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John Bierens, Sales Director Europe, introduces Vencomatic´s last innovation, X-Treck which enables direct post-hatch feed and water access and eliminates the stressful events of chick handling and transportation, providing an optimal start for chicks on the farm....
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Hatchability is commonly used to evaluate hatchery (and breeder flock) performance. Simply said, percentage hatchability = (number of chicks/number of hatching eggs) * 100. However, different interpretations of both the 'number of chicks' and...
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An improvement in the rate of gain of broilers during the last two decades has made the incubation period a larger percentage of the overall growth period for commercial poultry (Hulet, 2007). Therefore, incubation and the last days toward hatch have gained more relative importance to the successful rearing of meat poultry than ever before. It is expected that anything that supports or limits growth and development during the incubation period will have a marked...
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Poor hatching egg sanitation can be a major cause in loss of hatchability and chick quality. Every effort should be made to ensure that hatching eggs are kept as free as possible from risks of contamination from the time of egg laying until the chicks are pulled from the hatcher. There is no such thing as a sterile eggshell. Eggs removed from the oviduct have some bacteria. More bacteria are picked up on the shell when the egg passes through the cloaca where the urinary and intestinal...
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Introduction
For broilers to have a good development and express their full genetic potential, placing them as soon as possible in the house after hatch, as to prevent a negative quality impact is extremely important. According to Uni and Ferket (2004), poor chick quality can cost the poultry industry nearly US$200 million. Even though It is known that the hatch-to-housing interval can...
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