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Swine management
Pig production is the systematic rearing of pig breeds on scientifically based management principles for economic benefit. The main objectives of pig production are to provide consumers with pig meat and related products and to generate income for farmers.
Pig production plays a significant role in the livestock industry, providing an important source of protein and other valuable products. The systematic approach to pig rearing ensures that the pigs are healthy and well-cared for, which in turn leads to better quality products and higher yields. The focus on scientific principles and efficient management helps to reduce waste and increase profitability for farmers.
A swine producer who masters the art of good management has excellent profit opportunities. This is especially true with disease prevention and control. A healthy herd of good-growing, quality breeding animals — adequately fed and housed — provides maximum profit opportunities for the owner who does not over-spend for facilities and/or feed.
A. COMMON STRESSORS IN SWINE FARMING B. FACTORS LEADING TO STRESS IN SWINE C. PHASE WISE THERMONEUTRAL ZONA ...
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Introduction With the increasing demand for animal protein projected for the next decades as world’s population increases, the perceived antagonism between intensive animal production and climate change will intensify. It is estimated that livestock agriculture accounts for 14% of total CO2 emissions of which 1.4% can be attributed to pig production (FAO, 2020, IPCC, 2019 and 2022). Social pressure, policy making, carbon tax and sustainable financial investing will necessitate...
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1. Introduction Approximately sixty percent of rural households in developing countries are partially or fully dependent on livestock for their livelihoods [1]. Livestock rearing provides the household with a wide range of benefits, such as cash income, food, manure, draft power and hauling services, savings and insurance, and social status [2]. The livestock farming sector, including piggery remains critically important for millions of people in developing countries...
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Introduction: A repeat-breeding (RB) occurrence increases non-productive days of female pigs (NPD), and consequently decreases herd productivity. However, characteristics of RB female pigs are not well defined or studied in swine. Also, few studies have compared lifetime reproductive performance between RB and non-RB female pigs. Our objectives were 1) to define and characterize RB occurrences using data from commercial farms in southern EU, 2) to examine factors...
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Introduction: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered one of the most economically important infectious diseases of swine. PRRSV is divided into European (Type I) and American (Type II) genotypes. PRRS is caused by a single stranded positive-sense RNA enveloped virus with a high mutation rate leading to greater heterogeneity of the nucleotide sequence between the individual strains. The high genetic virus diversity increases the risk of reduced...
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Anna Turvoll (Völur) discusses the use of data (carcass, weight, fat percentage, etc.) and artificial intelligence on a solution to improve scheduling, yield, stock control, and margins, in this Engormix interview during IPPE 2025 in Atlanta, USA....
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Introduction: Owing to inexperience with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) but building on experience with Transmissible Gastro-Enteritis (TGE), North American producers utilized various methods of whole-herd exposure and sanitation to eliminate PED virus from sow herds. Compared to continuous farrow flows, elimination was easier in group-mating systems due to the inherent break in piglet ages/flow. Age-segregated flows with movement at weaning to off-site nurseries were easier...
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Introduction: Introduction of gilts into a swine farm always conveys the risk of disease introduction into the recipient herd and, consequently, from a regional perspective, disease introduction into clusters of neighboring farms. In several areas in North, Central and South America, the swine industry is organized in projects of PRRS (Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome) control by regions. These projects allow for coordinated actions to control PRRS and for sharing...
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Mycotoxins semiannual survey of mycotoxin in feed in 2023 Taiwan - Second Half
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Introduction: There is a need for ante-mortem Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp) diagnostic sampling protocols to determine if populations are negative (≤1% prevalence (Pr)), remain negative over time, and to detect early infection to prevent spread. A recent study showed that increased sample size resulting from ante-mortem laryngeal swab sampling (LS) combined with pooling allowed for a higher herd detection rate by PCR while pursuing the most economical...
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Introduction: The oral cavity of animals harbors an extensive microflora, including indigenous commensals and other microorganisms. Oral microbiota may play an important role in the protection of the host against pathogenic infection through the inhibition of colonization of pathogens or growth competition. Especially, the composition of oral microbiota of piglets at the nursery phase, at the critical time to establish a normal flora for life-time, would be drastically altered...
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Supplementation of functional amino acids above the requirement improves growth performance and immune status of weanling pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium
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John Carr (Apiam Animal Health/James Cook University) comments on his experience as a consultant and working with clients, during this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Mobile slaughtering and direct farm sales –in Hall 26 – Lectures from science and industry – EuroTier 2024: 12 to 15 November in Hanover, Germany– World's leading trade fair for animal farming and livestock management – More than 2,100 registered exhibitors from 52...
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Mike Tokach (Kansas State University) talks about sow body condition and its effect on reproductive performance, during the Nutrimas workshop....
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Mike Tokach (Kansas State University) explains how to remove costs by reviewing amino acids and energy levels, and the close relation between genetics and nutrition, during the Nutrimas workshop....
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Mike Tokach (Kansas State University) comments on trends in sow nutrition, litter size and nutrient requirements, during the Nutrimas workshop....
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Mike Tokach (Kansas State University) explains changes in piglet body weight and sow milk production, during the Nutrimas workshop....
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Mycotoxins semiannual survey of mycotoxin in feed in 2023 Taiwan - Second Half
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Introduction: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) represent new threats to the swine industry. To aid in early detection of virus, monitor shedding, or differentiate viral species, real-time PCR has proven a useful diagnostic tool. The aim of this study was to measure the sensitivity of real-time PCR assays for the detection of PEDV and PDCoV on field samples at different times of the infection. Materials and...
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Introduction: Approximately 40 % of Danish swine herds are positive for PRRSV. PRRSV is secreted in nasal and oral fluid and can be detected in serum for weeks after infection. To control PRRSV it is critical to monitor the PRRSV status in different production stages. Information on ongoing PRRSV infection is normally obtained by test of serum which is laborious and stressful for the pigs. The aim of the study was to test if test of oral fluids can replace serum for PRRSV...
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Supplementation of functional amino acids above the requirement improves growth performance and immune status of weanling pigs challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium
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Introduction: Airborne transmission of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) has been known for a long time. Most experiments were performed using type 2 PRRSV and fairly little information is available on the spread of type 1 PRRSV via aerosols. The aim of this study was to compare 3 different air sampling systems for their ability to detect aerosolized type 1 PRRS modified live vaccine virus. Materials and Methods: Three different air...
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Introduction: Routine tail docking is not permitted in the EU. This is documented in Council Directive 2008/120/EC, which defines the minimum standards of welfare for pigs. Nevertheless tail docking is very common in all countries with a dense pig production as a precaution to prevent tail biting. Farmers’ organisations and the ministry of agriculture in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany signed a voluntary declaration in 2014 to develop other means to avoid tail...
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