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Swine health
Pig diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, nutritional deficiencies, poisonous substances, internal and external parasites.
Bacterial diseases include swine erysipelas, swine dysentery, infectious poly-arthritis etc. Viral and mycoplasma diseases include African swine fever, swine influenza, enzootic pneumonia of pigs, vesicular exanthema of swine, transmissible gastroenteritis etc. Helminthiasis as a health problem in pigs is mainly caused by worms like the lungworm, ascaris worm etc. Nutritional diseases include piglet anemia, parakeratosis etc. External parasitic infections include mange, lice, jiggers etc.
How to tell that a pig is in bad health:
General signs: dullness, loss of appetite, labored or rapid breathing, sudden deaths, loss of weight, low weight gain and fever usually manifested by shivering of the pig.
Signs expressed on the skin: reddening of the skin or skin discoloration, loss of hair and hardening of some parts of the skin, itching and cracking of the skin.
Other signs: lameness, cough, abnormal nasal discharges, diarrhea with a putrid smell, abnormal content and color of feces and abortions.
Oliver Stringer (Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London) discussed the advantages of this process when serotyping APP, during IPVS2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
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The Banff Pork Seminar (BPS) 2023 is open for business and delegates to the event Jan. 10 to 12 will find a new twist to an old format. The event will be back to in-person only, but in a revised approach, delegates will have an opportunity to view taped plenary and breakout presentations online on-demand afterwards.
"We always bring in top speakers and this is one way delegates can be sure they get every bit of information from these industry-leading presenters," says Ashley Steeple,...
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Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii continues being one of the main food safety hazards for pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. In this sense, the distribution of this protozoan within the organism and the role of the infective dose in tissue distribution are of highly interest to understand the risk associated to the parasite and to decipher the pathobiology of this infection. Materials and Methods: To carry out this study 11 Iberian pigs...
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Introduction: Florfenicol is a well recognized, broad spectrum antimicrobial with a high lipophilicity resulting in fast, significant serum concentrations and very good tissue distribution. Oral administration leads to an almost complete absorption of the molecule. Amphen® 200 mg/ g oral granules is a patented formulation containing 200 mg/ g florfenicol for use in drinking water of pigs. In this study, the florfenicol susceptibility of EU field isolates of 3 major swine...
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Effects of balancing low protein diets with supplemental amino acids on performance and carcass composition of growing-finishing pigs
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Introduction: Brazil has emerged as a leading global exporter of pork, occupying the fourth position. In this regard, the high amount of antimicrobial agents used in intensive systems of animal production has been pointed as a factor of selection and persistence of resistant bacteria. Thus, the aim of this study was evaluated the presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases-producing (ESBL) gram-negative bacteria in swine Brazilian farms. Materials and...
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Introduction: Since 2001 GD Animal Health in the Netherlands runs a monitoring system on pig health. One pillar of this system is the recording of all telephonic questions concerning health issues. Since 2013 lameness turned out to be the main subject of these questions. A detailed telephonic survey in 2014 revealed that most of the questions on lameness concerned finisher pigs between 3 and 5 months of age. The symptoms reported were acute lameness in more than one leg and...
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A Natural Choice for Growth Enhancement in Farm Animals - 3 ESSDENDIS
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Introduction: Traditionally, bacteriological diagnostics are based upon colony-morphology and biotyping. During the later years, MALDI-TOF-identification has broadened the spectrum of bacteria that can be identified in laboratory submissions. Four case-stories on potentially important pathogens are presented. Materials and Methods: Case 1: Massive problems with arthritis around weaning. 4 piglets were examined. Deeply cut teeth and swollen joints with...
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Introduction: S. suis is recognised as major swine pathogen associated with the intensification of the swine industry worldwide. Until now limited number of effective vaccines are available. Therefore antimicrobial treatment is considered as one of the most effective approach for the control of streptococcal meningitis and polyarthritis. Beta-lactam antibiotics and especially amoxicillin is considered as drug of first choice based on several criteria such as the PK/PD...
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Over the last 30 years, diseases caused by emerging swine viruses (ESV) have acquired great relevance, more than in other species. Diseases caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv), high pathogenicity porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDv), porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2), and influenza virus H1N1pdm09 had great economic impact. Others, however, such as porcine enteroviruses, porcine toroviruses (PToV), porcine sapelovirus (PSV), porcine bocavirus (PBoV),...
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Introduction Piglet post-weaning diets are by far the most expensive diets in the swine industry, mainly due to the need to reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhea (PWD) and optimize growth performance by including highly digestible feed ingredients with low content of antinutritive factors. It would therefore be economically advantageous, if some of the expensive protein sources that are generally considered necessary in diets for newly weaned piglets could be substituted with soy bean...
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Effects of balancing low protein diets with supplemental amino acids on performance and carcass composition of growing-finishing pigs
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Breno Beirão (Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil) commented on the needs of farmers in order to make a successful transition and comply with the current demands of the industry, during IPVS2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
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A Natural Choice for Growth Enhancement in Farm Animals - 3 ESSDENDIS
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Introduction: Respiratory diseases provide major concerns regarding production efficiency, animal welfare, antibiotic treatment and consumer protection. Variable combinations of interacting etiological agents and management conditions are source of high complexity and led to the term of the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC). Clinical signs appear late in PRDC and even with cross-pathology and lung checks are not suited to detect all relevant components of the...
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Introduction: Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease that needs to be confirmed by laboratory diagnosis due to highly variable, often unspecific clinical symptoms. Extensive serological investigations in the context of surveillance programs are required to demonstrate freedom from infection. In the European Union, a strict ‘stamping-out’ strategy is applied in case of a CSF outbreak. Given ethical and socio-economic concerns, application of...
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Introduction: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is among the diseases with the highest economic impact in pig production worldwide. Losses due to the disease were estimated as high as 560 Mio. US$ per year in the USA. Yet, the economic impact of the disease at farm level is not well understood as, especially in pig herds chronically infected with PRRS virus, the losses caused are often not obvious for farmers and veterinarians Thus, the aim of this study was...
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Introduction: Swine Respiratory Disease (SRD) is a complex condition involving viral agents and bacterial agents such as A. pleuropneumoniae , H. parasuis and P. multocida . These organisms often act together to increase the severity and duration of the disease, therefore, appropriate control of these pathogens is important for swine health management. The present abstract refers to the field efficacy of ZACTRAN®, Merial in comparison with...
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Introduction: Benchmarking data using computer software programs has been integrated into the swine industry for decades to provide an opportunity for improved management. Antibiotic benchmarking is a relatively new production tool being introduced to swine herds in Canada. Antibiotic benchmarking provides an opportunity for objective discussion between the veterinarian and producers in prudent use of antibiotics including selection of product, usage, dosage, timing and...
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Introduction: To address concerns of antibiotic (AB) resistance in both human and animal health, approval of veterinary antibiotics requires an assessment for potential impact on resistance development in food-borne pathogens (FBPs). During treatment for Swine Respiratory Disease (SRD), populations of FBPs and commensal organisms from the genera Escherichia coli (Ec), Salmonella (Sa), Enterococcus (En) and Campylobacter (Cb) may be impacted....
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