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Swine health
Pig diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, nutritional deficiencies, poisonous substances, internal and external parasites.
Bacterial diseases include swine erysipelas, swine dysentery, infectious poly-arthritis etc. Viral and mycoplasma diseases include African swine fever, swine influenza, enzootic pneumonia of pigs, vesicular exanthema of swine, transmissible gastroenteritis etc. Helminthiasis as a health problem in pigs is mainly caused by worms like the lungworm, ascaris worm etc. Nutritional diseases include piglet anemia, parakeratosis etc. External parasitic infections include mange, lice, jiggers etc.
How to tell that a pig is in bad health:
General signs: dullness, loss of appetite, labored or rapid breathing, sudden deaths, loss of weight, low weight gain and fever usually manifested by shivering of the pig.
Signs expressed on the skin: reddening of the skin or skin discoloration, loss of hair and hardening of some parts of the skin, itching and cracking of the skin.
Other signs: lameness, cough, abnormal nasal discharges, diarrhea with a putrid smell, abnormal content and color of feces and abortions.
I have a sow in its second month of pregnancy who ate well the 60 first days, but now everything changes, and it doesn´t want to eat anything,and when it drinks water then it vomits with a yellow colour and with a strong smell. We gave it antibiotics to stop the pain but we had no luck. We are desesperated since 8 days has passed by in the same situation. What do you think? ...
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Introduction: Lawsonia intracellularis (L.i.) is the causative agent of porcine proliferative enteropathy (PPE). PPE is a relevant economic enteric disease that causes diarrhea and reduces weight gain in growing pigs (1). The subclinical form produces as well a negative impact on performance and farm economics. L.i is endemic in most of the Spanish farms (2). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Enterisol® Ileitis (Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica...
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May 7, 2025
Canada - Ontario - Niagara Falls
Introduction: Salmonella Typhimurium and its monophasic variant (S. Typhimurium 1, 4, [5], 12:i-) are increasingly responsible of food borne infections in humans and pork represents the principal source of infection. Infection is generally sub-clinical in pigs and carrier pigs could introduce bacteria in the slaughterhouse. The aim of the study was to test the efficacy and safety of an attenuated vaccine of S. Typhimurium 1, 4, [5], 12:i- (S. Typhimurium Monophasic...
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Introduction: Aujeszky’s disease (AD) virus causes nervous disorders and high mortality rates in young animals and respiratory illness in older pigs. The main aim of this study was an estimation of the role of AD virus in PRDC in finishing pigs and the influence of pig vaccination against AD on lung protection. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a Russian large farrow-to-finish production system (17,000 sows) where all four farms of the...
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Introduction: Measuring the level of PCV2 virus and/or the level of IgG/IgM in blood samples can be used to assess if pigs are infected or not during the later stages of fattening. The purpose of this case study was to investigate if PCV2-virus is detected or serologically active in fattening herds with pigs vaccinated at 4 weeks (± 7 days) of age with Porcilis® PCV, CircoFLEX, Circovac or Suvaxyn PCV. Materials and Methods: In seventeen herds...
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Introduction: Senecavirus A (SVA) is an emerging picornavirus that has been associated with outbreaks of vesicular disease and neonatal mortality in swine. Vesicular disease with unknown etiology and clinically indistinguishable of other vesicular infections have been reported in U.S, Canada and recently in Brazil. Here, we present an outbreak investigation conducted in swine herds showing an increased neonatal mortality and vesicular disease that have been associated to...
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Bioavailability of valine in a fermentation biomass product relative to the bioavailability in crystalline L-valine when fed to weanling pigs
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Introduction: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is the etiological agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. PCV2 ORF3 protein is a nonstructural protein known to induce apoptosis, but little is known about the biological function of ORF3 protein. Therefore, we undertook this study to map ORF3 protein epitopes, characterize putative nuclear localization (NLS) and nuclear export (NES) sequences in ORF3, compare Virus kinetics and animal pathogenicity between wild...
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Introduction: PEDV and PDCoV entered the US in 2013 infecting 56% of the sow herds. The PIC multiplication system totaling 92,000 sows in North America had accumulated a record of minimal impact from PRRS or M. hyopneumoniae in past years; but from November 2013 to April 2014, 47% of the breeding herds became infected with PEDV and/or PDCoV. Likely because of their remote location and biosecurity, none of the genetic nucleus or sire line nucleus farms were affected. This...
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Introduction: In pigs, PEDV causes reduced growth performance, villus atrophy, and impairment of intestinal barrier function and integrity. The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which a PEDV challenge alters jejunum morphology, epithelial apoptosis, crypt cell proliferation, and tight junction proteins over a 14-day infection. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two mixed-sex Choice Genetics maternal line approximately 4 weeks-of-age...
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Introduction: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a member of the genera Alphacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, causes an acute and highly contagious enteric disease characterized by severe enteritis, vomiting, watery diarrhea and high mortality in seronegative neonatal piglets. In the last years, PED caused significant economic losses in swine industry in Asia and United States and since 2014, PEDV has also re-emerged in Europe. Two main PEDV variants...
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Introduction: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is considered the most important viral disease of intensive swine production because of the severe economic losses associated with it. Generally, the disease causes reproductive failure characterized by infertility, mummifications, abortions, still-births and birth of weak piglets in sows, and respiratory distress in piglets and growing pigs. There are several studies on the occurrence of PRRS in pig herds in...
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Introduction: Controlling and containing endemic and emerging diseases is known to require a collaborative work between all producers sharing the same territory. In the province of Quebec, PRRS virus infection has been an endemic disease affecting the production sector for the last 25 years (1990-2015). It is known to cause losses of CAN$40 million per year. Developing collective and collaborative skills for PRRS control is therefore an excellent model to develop collaborative...
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APIs and Vitamin MARKET - The weak demand for the APIs
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Introduction: Antimicrobial usage is comparably low in Swedish pig production, but previous studies have shown that there is room for improvement in some herds especially for suckling piglets. The aim of this study was to investigate for which diseases treatments were most commonly performed in different age groups and what antimicrobials were used. Materials and Methods: Treatment records for 3 batches were collected from 9 pig herds, which included 1,095...
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Introduction: Porcine Dermatitis and Nephropathy Syndrome (PDNS) is a clinical sign of Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD). PDNS is characterized by purple skin lesions with black center, fever, and lethargy, mostly affecting fattening pigs between 12-16 wks old. Vaccination is one of the tools to handle PCV2 and PDNS. This case report illustrates the real situation in pig farm in Thailand that suffered from PDNS for years and how the farm changed vaccination program...
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Bioavailability of valine in a fermentation biomass product relative to the bioavailability in crystalline L-valine when fed to weanling pigs
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Introduction: A new strain of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus (PEDv) occurred in the Republic of Korea in November 2013 and continues to impact the swine industry up to now. The new strain was sequenced and the results showed that the spike protein gene of this newly prevalent PEDv is 99.64%~99.81% homologous to the PEDv isolated in USA from 2013 to 2014. CAVAC acquired ISU46065IA13 strain (genotype 2a), a field isolate by Iowa State University, USA, and developed a new...
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Introduction: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) is caused by PED virus (PEDV) that is a member of the order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae and genus Coronavirus. PED is a severe enteric disease that causes economic losses worldwide. Maternal passive immunity can prevent losses in suckling piglets during the period of immature immune system. Sow colostrum is the most abundant and easily accessible resource of a farm. The aim of this study was to evaluate an immunological...
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Introduction: Since late 2010, new variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) have arisen in China, spread to Asia and North America in the end of 2013, and cause severe watery diarrhea in pigs of all ages and extremely high mortality rate in neonatal piglets resulting in significant economic losses. Recent studies indicate that the spike (S) gene of Taiwan new PEDV strains are closely related to global non-S INDEL PEDVs but significantly different from historic...
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Introduction: Objectives 1) Determine the sow serum-neutralizing antibody titer (NABT) baseline status and response from a 2 dose blanket vaccination of Zoetis’ conditionally licensed PEDv vaccine in both a naïve population, and a farm previously exposed to PEDv. 2) Determine the NABT level expressed in colostrum and milk after triple vaccination in these farms. Materials and Methods: A historically naïve (Farm A) and a...
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Introduction: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of tilmicosin in the lactation diet of sows on sow and litter performance after an unplanned exposure to PPRS. Materials and Methods: One hundred ninety Sogeporc hybrid (Yorkshire-Landrace, 50:50) sows were blocked based on parity (1st, 2nd, 3rd or more), weight and P2 back fat thickness at farrowing assigned to one of two dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design....
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Introduction: PRRS infection is one of the most serious diseases that causes huge economic loss. The purpose of this study is to evaluate 3FLEX® vaccination to control PRRSv infection in the nursery and to compare the efficacy when vaccinated separately or as 3FLEX®, in the combination with FLEXcombo®. Materials and Methods: The study was performed in a farrow to finish one site farm of 200 sows. The farm used already FLEXcombo®...
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