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Additives and feedstuffs in dairy cattle nutrition
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1. Introduction Inflammation contributes to a variety of human and veterinary diseases, including mastitis. Bovine mastitis caused by Streptococcus uberis results in severe damage to milkproducing tissues as a result of an uncontrolled inflammatory response. Previous clinical and histopathological data suggested that disruption of the endothelial barrier contributed to disease pathology. For example, S....
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While humans are used to diets that contain concentrated sugar, it might be better if sugar was used in animal feed instead. Sugar is a concentrated energy food that is not a vital nutrient for humans; but, few studies have been done to fully determine all of the implications of using sugar in an animal feed diet. The feeding of sugar to livestock is a new concept in animal feed technology (PGK John, 2006). However, research...
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Over the past 30 years, the concept of establishing requirements and evaluating nutritional adequacy by use of nutritional models for dairy cattle has taken over the feed industry. Private companies, universities, feed companies, governments and even individual nutritionists have developed models. It will be the purpose of this paper to look at some concepts governing nutritional modeling, recommend some techniques for evaluating a model, and look at a few...
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It was during 1980's when the concept of functional food first took its commercial shape in Japan. Since then, the business space for functional food has been expanding and will continue to rise over the coming years. Functional foods are referred to as the food additives with health benefits. The growing awareness among the consumers pertaining to the relation between health, nutrition, and diet is basically propelling the demand for these functional food...
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Background Cows around calving time experience a depression on immune function partially due to the marked negative energy balance (NEB), which results when cows cannot ingest enough nutrients to support dietary requirements for milk production. During this time, methionine (Met) as one of the first limiting AA in dairy cows may be in limited supply. Research has demonstrated that Met plays a key role in milk protein...
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Introduction. The yield and composition of milk can be changed dramatically by altering the feeding regimen and phytogenic supplementation. Plant parts such as leaves and seeds contain bioactive compounds such as essential oils, saponins and tannins with some antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties which can be exploited in ruminant production to improve feed utilization, animal performance and milk nutritive value 1 . Mustard seed (Brassica...
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Introduction In temperate regions, grazing livestock production systems are primarily constrained, both biophysically and economically, by the amount, seasonality, and interannual variability of forage produced (Oesterheld et al., 1992; Oesterheld and Salas, 1994). In those systems, setting the stocking rate is a major managerial decision. The main goal of grazing management is to balance forage supply with livestock...
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Agranco's Coating Sustained Release Technology allows targeted release of nutrients to individual segments of the digestive track to increase dose efficency....
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Background Previous research has underscored that provision of adequate levels of essential AA (EAA) is critical for improving N utilization efficiency as well as maximizing bovine milk protein synthesis [1]. Rulquin et al. [2] proposed “ideal” values for intestinal absorption of EAA in dairy cows; however, after absorption, AA flow first to the liver where substantial and differential net removal occurs...
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Introduction Late pregnancy and lactogenesis are linked to comprehensive endocrine and metabolic changes. Homeorhetic adaptations are necessary to accomplish the nutrient drain towards the mammary gland. They are associated with decreasing peripheral insulin sensitivity (IS) in peripheral tissues other than the mammary gland in dairy cattle [1] just as in other mammalian species like humans [2]. Nevertheless, genetic...
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The United States dairy production has continued to grow despite competition for land and other agricultural resources from other agronomic and livestock/poultry alternatives. More efficient utilization of resources has now become a major objective of many dairies as they increase the size of their dairy herd despite a limited land base. In the Midwest and Northeast U.S. this growth has been driven by increases in use of corn silage, increased...
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In ruminants concentrates, oils\fats inclusion is lower that in monogastrics' ones, where low durability and pasty textures can be found due to high inclusion of fats. In ruminants diets, where fats level of inclusion is lower, do you have any data\and or experience regarding the effect of calcium soaps of fatty acids (and\or hydrogenated fats) on pellet quality? ...
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Over the past few years, the dairy industry has made it a priority to feed higher forage diets with a correct balance of amino acids and an accurate ratio of lysine to methionine. With this strategy, there also has been more attention on the amount of undegradeable protein (RUP) being fed.
“We are feeding more high forage diets than we ever had in the past,” said Gene Goenner, territory product representative for Alltech Wisconsin. “With this feeding...
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Crude protein (CP) is a required nutrient for dairy cattle, typically ranging from 15 to 18% on a dry matter basis. Dietary CP is often the most expensive macronutrient, and there’s been considerable interest in reducing the inclusion rate of high protein ingredients to decrease costs. In addition, there’s greater focus on reducing the environmental impact of the dairy industry, with much of...
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Introduction Modern day intensive production systems, especially with high producing dairy cows, involve the feeding of high levels of concentrates in order to supply sufficient nutrients to support a high level of milk production. Feeding these high levels of concentrate often leads to metabolic dysfunction and eventually rumen acidosis; especially under conditions of poor methods of feeding and/or composition of diets. Ruminal acidosis can be...
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We conducted a study evaluating the growth performance and total tract nutrient digestion of heifers fed diets high in distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with different forage particle size. Particle size is important for rumen fermentation and rumination. Large forage particles help stimulate rumination which aids in buffering with saliva. Buffering may be important when considering feeding DDGS because it is considered an acidic feedstuff with a pH...
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It’s known the importance of colostrum to newborn calves. But regarding its quality, how can I evaluate it? And another question, would a deficient diet be the cause of its bad quality? ...
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Hello my friends,what is most useful ration for lactating cow produces 20kg milk daily and weighs about 600kg? ...
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Hello, I am animal nutritionist from Pakistan, I want to know if anyone have worked on complete feed pellets for dairy animals. I want to work on it. Would you share with me your results and feasibility for making complete feed pellets please? What are the advantages of using it and what are the disadvantages or limitation in making it feasible for animal?
Look forward to your kind reply and comments Thanks Kabir A. Chohan...
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Introduction The objective of this article is to briefly describe the most common ethanol coproducts, how they are produced, and typical nutrient compositions. Rapid growth of the ethanol industry in the United States over the last decade has generated large quantities of ethanol coproducts, which are now commonly available as feedstuffs for livestock. These coproducts are often added to livestock diets as a source...
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