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Additives and feedstuffs in dairy cattle nutrition
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Routine water analyses can help monitor dairy cattle’s mineral intake. Rain or shine, flood or drought, water is critical to life. Then why is water the last place you look for problems when balancing dairy diets? That water is the most critical component of any diet goes without saying. This never has been so true as it is for lactating dairy cattle. Water is vital for milk production. You take steps for cows to receive adequate amounts of...
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Distillers grains (DG) are raising questions and concerns on North American dairy farms as corn grain prices continue to increase. Corn grain has three major alternatives for expanded or continued use (Lyons, 2006): Food for human consumption or human products Fuel as a source of stable and renewable ethanol Feed for livestock use Monogastric animals will have greater challenges until technology allows great inclusion of DG in swine and poultry rations....
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Effect of Sc 47 probiotic yeast on the health and zootechnical performance of weaned piglets
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From Dr. Bruce Cottrill (ADAS, UK) presentation at Lallemand’s International Selenium yeast seminar (Grenaa, Denmark, 2007) Selenium in ruminants is a topic well-known of Dr Bruce Cottrill, a ruminant nutrition expert who works for ADAS, a UK independent environmental and agricultural consultancy and service provider. In 2000, he was commissioned by the UK Ministry of Agriculture to conduct a survey on how to improve cow milk selenium status. In Grenaa, Dr Cottrill...
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On October 28, 2004, the FDA approved the use of sodium monensin (Rumensin®) for improving efficiency of milk production in dairy cattle. This action allowed US dairy farmers to join the ranks of farmers around the world who are using ionophores to improve the efficiency of milk production by selective modification of rumen function. However, in order get the maximum value out of its application, it is important that the role of this tool be carefully examined alongside some of the other...
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Distillers grains -- a byproduct of ethanol production -- may serve as supplemental dairy cattle feed to boost milk and milk fat yields, while reducing feed costs. But the challenge is to determine what type of distillers grains are most effective and how much can be fed. Ohio State University Extension dairy specialists are evaluating the impacts of DGS (distillers grains with solubles) on milk fat levels in a cow’s diet and seeking explanations as to why those levels vary across...
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Raising dairy heifers from birth to calving comprises the second largest expense of milk production on the dairy farm—while deriving no revenue until the onset of lactation (Heinrichs, 1993). Therefore, many of the experiments involving dairy heifers have focused on ways to minimize costs associated with the growth period or to hasten onset of the productive period. Reducing the length of the growing period by decreasing the age at first calving below 22-24 months could overcome this...
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Ethanol production is increasing globally in response to demands for renewable energy. Distillers grains are one of the byproducts of ethanol production and as ethanol production increases, distillers grains supply increases. At first glance, distillers grains appear to be an excellent feed ingredient due to their moderate protein and energy levels. However, they are a by-product that currently has little or no...
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Enzymes are complex organic compounds comprised primarily of proteins. Their activity is due to a highly ordered three-dimensional structure that is specific for the substrate or molecules upon which the enzyme acts. The structural affinity of a digestive enzyme for its substrate determines its velocity or rate of catabolism. Enzyme structural affinity can be modified by numerous environmental factors, including: moisture, pH, temperature, and proteolysis. Some enzymes...
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Effect of Sc 47 probiotic yeast on the health and zootechnical performance of weaned piglets
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For some years it has been evident that dairy cow nutrition models are vital to the continued success of the dairy industry. This is especially true as we recognize the importance, for example, of ruminal microbes and metabolism in body tissues to nutrient requirements. In addition, our production emphasis has shifted from only milk volume and fat to include milk protein percentage and yield. Mathematical models of nutrition have been in use for over three decades and have stimulated...
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Dairy producers are looking for means to increase feed efficiency, and improvements in feed efficiency can positively affect herd profitability even when changes in production or feed intake or both may be slight. Yeast culture has improved dry matter intake (DMI) and milk production in some research studies. Other studies have looked at the timing of using the product — for example, from before parturition through peak lactation and during heat stress. Recently, D.J....
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Abstract Restricted suckling of cows by their dams is a characteristic of dual purpose systems extensively used in Tropical America. Suckled milk constitutes the main feed during the first weeks of life and is slowly replaced by solid feed until weaning. The applicability of the National Research Council (NRC) feeding standards in these conditions was evaluated using the information obtained in five experiments where feed intake and animal response were known. The results showed...
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A realistic home-grown alternative to imported protein sources has taken a step closer, thanks to an on-going five-year project being carried out as part of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Sustainable Arable LINK Scheme.
The Lupins in Sustainable Agriculture (LISA) Project is the first comprehensive evaluation of the benefits of spring-sown yellow and blue lupins for organic and conventional use in the United Kingdom.
"Lupins have attracted interest before as a...
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Due to rising oil prices and a greater awareness of the limited supply of fossil fuels, the latest reports in 2006 suggest that ethanol production is increasing rapidly – by as much as 16% and rising. In the United States, the White House aims to have ethanol “cost-competitive by 2012, offering the potential to displace up to 30% of the Nation's current fuel use.” This means that of the 250 million tons of corn that the U.S. produces annually, 140 million tons will be destined for ethanol...
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INTERPRETIVE SUMMARY Corn and alfalfa are among the forages most commonly fed to lactating dairycows because of agronomical, nutritional and economical reasons. Large dairyfarms are increasingly feeding corn silage as their main forage source. In thisstudy, cows fed mixtures of corn silage and alfalfa silage had higher feed intakeand milk production compared to cows offered corn silage as the only sourceof forage, or offered corn silage with low-quality alfalfa...
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Effect of Sc 47 probiotic yeast on the health and zootechnical performance of weaned piglets
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A feed supplement for dairy calves has been developed by the US Agricultural Research Service (ARS), which it claims will help lower stress levels during transportation – a costly problem for the dairy industry which can adversely affect milk yields, Tom Armitage reports.
Stressed livestock costs producers millions of dollars each year and research has proved that healthy, happier cattle are often those which have the fewest food safety problems.
Dairy heifers, for instance, can produce...
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