Article published the September 25, 2020
Methionine (Met) and choline (Chol) supply in dairy cows continues to be of interestHistorically emphasis on:Milk protein (Met)Liver lipid metabolism (Met and Chol)More recently, i.e. from 1990s to present, interest shifting to supplementation during the transition period:Feeding higher-energy dietsReducing diet CPHealth, etcConsiderations for “Methyl donor” supplementation in dairy co ...
This member gave a presentation on November 7, 2018
At the following event:
Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals 2018
Article published the August 3, 2017
Introduction In non-ruminants, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) play a crucial role in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory responses [1]. The PPAR family is composed of three subtypes: PPAR-gamma (PPARG), PPAR-alpha (PPARA), and PPARδ/β (PPARD), among which the expression of PPARG and PPARA subtypes are associated with adipogenesis/lipogenesis ...
Article published the June 30, 2017
Introduction The peripartal or “transition” period in taurine cattle is considered the most important phase of the lactation cycle because during this time animals are most-susceptible to metabolic or infectious disorders (Drackley 1999; Van Knegsel et al. 2014). The immune and innate host resistance mechanisms (Mallard et al. 1998) are impaired during the peripartal period, often rend ...
Article published the June 9, 2017
Introduction The liver performs essential functions in mammals. These include, but are not limited to, gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis, synthesis of several plasma proteins encompassing clotting factors and acute phase proteins (APP) (e.g., haptoglobin, albumin, and fibrinogen), metabolism of amino acids and lipids, and detoxification including ammonia removal [1,2]. During the period aroun ...
Article published the April 12, 2017
INTRODUCTION An adequate supply of macro and micronutrients, such as trace minerals (e.g., Zn, Mn, Cu, Co), is important for ensuring an optimal transition from pregnancy to lactation (Andrieu, 2008). For instance, trace minerals have critical roles in a variety of physiological process, particularly antioxidant defense, and a deficiency may depress immunity especially in peripartal or transition ...
Article published the February 24, 2017
BackgroundCows around calving time experience a depression on immune function partially due to the marked negative energy balance (NEB), which results when cows cannot ingest enough nutrients to support dietary requirements for milk production. During this time, methionine (Met) as one of the first limiting AA in dairy cows may be in limited supply. Research has demonstrated that Met plays a key r ...
Article published the December 16, 2016
INTRODUCTIONTrace mineral elements such as Cu, Cr, and Zn have important roles in the health and immunity of peripartal dairy cows (Spears and Weiss, 2008). Minerals have been commonly supplemented to cattle in the form of inorganic salts, preferably as sulfates; however, the development of organic forms of trace minerals, such as minerals complexed with AA, minimize the risk of mineral antagonism ...
Article published the November 25, 2016
Background Previous research has underscored that provision of adequate levels of essential AA (EAA) is critical for improving N utilization efficiency as well as maximizing bovine milk protein synthesis [1]. Rulquin et al. [2] proposed “ideal” values for intestinal absorption of EAA in dairy cows; however, after absorption, AA flow first to the liver where substantial and differential ...
Article published the October 28, 2016
Introduction Lameness is one of the most important welfare issues of high-producing dairy cows in North America [1]. The latter has been attributed to management and environmental factors [2] as well as physiologic adaptations such as postpartal negative energy balance, which can lead cows to excessive loss of body condition (BCS) [3]. Postpartal negative energy balance can be exacerbated by prepa ...