Carlos Pavesa

@Nuhad Daghir Under experimental conditions you can even reduce more. However, the potential of CP reduction depends on the status quo. A good indication for protein reduction would be the nitrogen utilization which can easily be calculated by assuming 30 g N/kg BW. Indeed, nitrogen utilization is also a matter of age or final body weight but the article gives you an indication on German condition ...

@Dr Kotaiah Talapaneni Thank you for this comment! This is indeed a clear dilemma and we may distinguish the aim for the two different nutritional strategies. Indeed, genetic potential of broilers is continuously improving and if diets are formulated accordingly, unbelievable performances can be achieved. A feed conversion ratio of 1.35 at 40 days is commercially achieved in some regions of the wo ...

From my experience about coccidiosis vaccine ,the succes depending on some factors mainly vaccine application,management and keeping gut integrity so we should focus on necrotic enteritis when we apply the vaccine so we should monitor gut package complaints .finally coccidiosis vaccine is not just ampoule,it is programme including vaccine ,application and follow up and monitoring .

@Dr.Dharavath Rammbabu Agree, Our clear recommendation is to formulate diets on digestible amino acids of ingredients in order to consider this.

Only in 2025, more than 40 studies relating to the broiler gut-bone axis have been published in Google Scholar. The gut-bone axis is an emerging concept that describes how the gut, particularly its microbiome, influences bone health through complex interactions involving immunological, metabolic, and endocrine pathways. The gut microbiota produces metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs ...

Good summary of winter pneumonia risks in calves. I’d add that nutrition and immunity go hand in hand with housing management. Calves with low energy intake or marginal trace minerals (especially selenium, zinc, and copper) are more susceptible to respiratory disease because their immune defenses are already compromised. In practice, this means ensuring milk or milk replacer is fed at adequate vol ...

Mario, always good to talk to you. Mash vs. pellets adds another dimension to feed intake. For broilers, it’s obvious that the physical density of a pelleted feed allows for faster intake of a given quantity of feed. Pellet size likewise influences time spent feeding. Both these factors greatly impact intake and growth after about 25d at higher stocking densities, when we invariably see slow ...