In all kind of Poultry, if the birds are kept on floor, bedding material is used. It includes wood shaving, wheat straw and rice hulls etc etc.... In some countries like USA sterilized bedding material is available but most of the countries it is not available. In Pakistan mostly rice hulls are used as bedding material in poultry houses and it is severe threat for poultry if it is not disinfected properly. When new flock is placed a very big quantity of rice hulls are used as new litter. Please suggest how we can disinfect it properly when it is used in bulk quantity ?
You are very correct that sanitization of poultry deep litter is utmost important to get desired performance of commercial poultry.
Almost all fresh bedding materials used in our region are always contaminated with bacteria, protozoa & fungus even in unused condition due to improper storage & transportation. There is increase of E-coli and increase of TVC (CFU/g) bacterial load.
In build up litter, problems of flies, beetles and pungent odour are endemic in deep litter poultry farm. Major problem faced are:
? Emission of ammonia in litter ? Build up of microbial load in the litter ? Darkling Beetles etc.
These lead to poor bird performance and health and loss of profits to broiler raiser and integrator. Among the gasses coming out of litter, ammonia is predominant and most damaging to poultry. It is formed in litter due to microbial (aerobic) decomposition of uric acid, organic nitrogen and spilled feed in the litter. Ammonia intensifies with the High (Alkaline) pH and temperature.
Deleterious effects of ammonia depend on its concentration to which the birds get a prolonged exposure. Even lowest concentration of 10 - 20 ppm hampers the performance of bird.
The poultry build up litter has an average pH of 8.0 – 9.0, this is considered a high pH or alkaline. The pH can influence the ammonia volatilization. Ammonia release from litter is reduced when litter pH is below 7; emission exceeds when pH is 8 and above. At litter pH lower than 4.6, the economically devastating bacteria like E.coli, Salmonella, Clostridium, and Campylobacter do not grow.
Respiratory tract is the first to be affected. Birds become prone to variety of respiratory infections such as CRD coupled with E coli etc.
Ammonia gas in poultry houses is also regarded as one of the contributing causes of Ascitis in fast growing broilers.
So right solution is sanitization of litter with litter conditioner Liiteron which drastically lowers pH of the litter – litter become acidic and environment friendly too. The active ingredients will activate immediately as and when they come in contact with excreta of birds or moisture of build up litter or moist litter and bacterial load will be reduced as well as ammonia formation will stop as it reduces litter pH and also helps in reducing population of Darkling Beetles.
Here I would advise to stop conventionally using alkaline materials, such as agricultural lime, hydrated or slaked lime, and burnt lime, which increase the litter alkalinity and alkalinity makes favourable condition for pathogenic bacteria to grow and also converts more of the ammonium into ammonia gas. This can become an environmental problem.
Disinfection of poultry litter in poultry before settling successfully implemented formaldehyde vapors. Good results are achieved if the disinfection is a solution of formaldehyde.
To reduce the concentration of ammonia from litter in the poultry industry is well that in litter mixes clinoptilolite (zeolite).
Yes indeed, it is a serious problem when birds are kept on floor with various bedding materials such as rice husk / wood straw / shavings etc., what with contamination of bird droppings, leaking water pipe lines, feed material falling on litter etc., which inturn exponentially increases the growth and multiplication of micro-organisms, posing a serious threat of disease and discomfort in breathing because of ammonia build up. Having been in the Poultry bio-security issues line of activity (by manufacturing and offering economical and specialized products to the Poultry industry) for nearly two decades, we strongly recommend to our valued Poultry Farms owners, to use our litter disinfectant, ENCIFORM-RM, which is a product based on oxymethylene, with the highest degree of polymerization. The product has just to be sprinkled on the litter once a week, that too a very small quantity of 320 gms for every 1000 sq.ft. This product not only disinfects the bedding material by acting against the bacteria, fungus and virus by suppressing its growth, but also neutralises ammonia, which in turn helps in reduction of breathing problems associated with infected litter. Kindly note that this product at the recommended dosages, is neither harmful to the birds or the humans working on the farms. Sterilised bedding material turns out to be very expensive.
Disinfection of entire bedding material is not quite common in small scale farms in india.So we advised that store the bedding material in tight pack in close environment.Fumigation with formalin is effective.bedding material should free from dust.
fumigation with patssium permanganate the bedding and proper storage of bedding is the only way to controll infections in the litter. Every country has different biosecurity systems that should be applied in the poultry industry its better to follow it.
dear dr sb
you can use Stalosan F for disinfection of bedding material, it controls all kind of microorganisms in litter as well as reduces ammonia, absorbs humidity and all noxious gases, improves health of the birds/animals.
this product is available in pakistan since feb 2012.
What concentration of formalin and potassium permanganate are you using for poultry bedding disinfection. It is very difficult to disinfect poultry litter at a very large scale. Please help us by giving some suggestions. Thank You.
In India, several of our reputed customers have been successfully disinfecting bedding material by use of enciform rm which not only acts as an effective disinfectant for bedding material but also neutralises the smell of ammonia in the bedding material which could give rise to several breathing related complications and diseases. The product is in crystalline form and is easy to use. Just a small quantity is sufficient to take care.
We are Canadian company manufacturing Disinfectants for Poultry industry. We work with health Canada to develop products which are Bactaricidal, Virucidal, Fungicidal and Mildewstat and very effective deodorisers. These products are effective disinfectats from egg washing to the disinfection of transport used to carry birds and meat.
These products cn be used for fumigation of any type of bedding and these are Health Canada approved.
We can send the product details through courier or theroug email.
Colloidal Silver can effectively disinfect bedding material and eggs to make them free from Virus, algae, protozoa, Fungi, Bacteria, Yeast and moulds.
VIJAY
dr.vijay@agrilife.in
First when rice hulls are used as new litter, should be small pics.
The best litter as disinfectant is a sand litter and you can used it for many times
Infection from litter, ammonia nuisance etc., is a serious problem when birds are kept on floor with various bedding materials such as rice husk / wood straw / shavings etc., Additionally contamination of bird droppings, leaking water pipe lines, feed material falling on litter etc., exponentially increases the growth and multiplication of micro-organisms, posing a serious threat of disease and discomfort in breathing because of ammonia build up.
NARSIPUR CHEMICALS PVT LTD, and ISO 9001:2008 Certified manufacturing company, having been in the Poultry bio-security issues line of activity (by manufacturing and offering economical and specialized products to the Poultry industry) for more than two decades, we strongly recommend to our valued Poultry Farms owners, to use our litter disinfectant, ENCIFORM-RM, which is a product based on oxymethylene, with the highest degree of polymerization. The product has just to be sprinkled on the litter once a week, that too a very small quantity of 320 gms for every 1000 sq.ft.
This product not only disinfects the bedding material by acting against the bacteria, fungus and virus by suppressing its growth, but also neutralises ammonia, which in turn helps in reduction of breathing problems associated with infected litter.
Kindly note that this product at the recommended dosages, is neither harmful to the birds or the humans working on the farms. The birds donot pick on this material.
TRY IT OUT and SEE THE BENEFITS.
Rearing poultry mainly on bed litter is highly challenging especially here in Nigeria where we use mainly woods haven. Normally before stocking,the pens must be fumigated with formalin and potassium permanganate in a closed environment. Actually, after stocking,post stocking challenges like dust built-up, ammonia built-up, feed and water spillages including the build-up of both dangerous micro and macro organisms within the litter spaces makes this form of poultry management so stressful. The best suggestion is that poultry attendants and managers should keep eagle eyes on the litter conditions so as to avoid nearly all the above mentioned post stocking challenges. Proper and healthy litter management should be the rule of the game.
Why all recommend synthetic disinfection when there there are more natural disinfectants available which are echo friendly.Formalin causes cancer and other chemicals pollute the environment .
Commercialization at the cost of environment is not the need of the hour. Turmeric oil, Lemongrass oil ,
Citronella oil ,Eucalyptus oil ,Acorous calamous root oil , Garlic , Like so many are available in plenty in Nature. One should adopt and the information to be informed to the associations of poultry for cost effective.
Cost of disinfection should be considered.
Formalin fumigation is better than sprays and the fumes evaporate. Person fumigating also is not exposed as in case of sprays. For re use of litter, acedic ph is recommended.
Grow birds on all in all out basis. Clean the house and use fresh bedding material. See the material is dry and collect it in clean sacs and clean vehicle. Spread it in the house in a thin layer few days before arrival of chicks preferably a week. Generally the whole house is fumigated with closed curtains and leave it for a day. This is proving to be enough and mollions of broilers are successfully reared.
Wet material, carried carelessly in used feed sacs, carried in last minute or borrowed from running farms are the main causes of concern
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