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Poultry diseases
When chickens are healthy they consume less feed and produce more quality eggs. They are less trouble to look after and less money is spent on medical costs. Poultry disease can spread rapidly among chickens because they are usually kept together in the chicken house. The chickens share the same feeders and drinkers, which can spread disease and infections rapidly from sick to healthy chickens. In intensive egg production systems, much focus is placed on the egg laying performance of the flock. Poultry diseases can negatively affect the health and performance of your flock. Important and common poultry diseases include necrotic enteritis, chronic respiratory diseases, gangrenous dermatitis, fowl cholera, and avian influenza.
Hops contain substances that control pathogenic bacteria in the intestines of chickens, Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists and cooperators have reported. Certain bacteria in the intestines of chickens not only can cause contamination of meat during processing, but also may pose major production losses by causing disease in the broiler chicken. Currently, poultry producers use sub-therapeutic amounts of antibiotics in poultry feed as growth promoters and to control...
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In past years, several laying hen flocks in Manitoba have had mortality due to Hemorrhagic Fatty Liver Syndrome (HFLS). In a hen with this condition, damage occurs due to the buildup and oxidation of fat in the liver. The hen dies suddenly from internal bleeding when a damaged blood vessel in the liver ruptures. Clotted blood is often found in the body cavity. HFLS should be suspected if many of the dead birds in a flock are overweight and have pale combs. The dead birds should be examined...
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The data in Figure 1 indicate that there has been a continued steady increase in outbreaks of Mycoplasma in Arkansas poultry in the last few years. In fact, if the trend continues, there will be a record number in Arkansas during 2000. The purpose of this article is to discuss symptoms and effects of the disease in poultry, help poultry producers better recognize the disease and prevent the spread of mycoplasmas to other poultry flocks. ...
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MAREK’S DISEASE MD is a common and important neoplastic disease of chickens caused by serotype 1 herpes virus (MDV). These are related antigenically to non-oncogenic herpes virus of chickens (serotype 2) and turkeys (serotype 3), also known as turkey herpes virus (HVT). Within serotype 1, MDV four pathotypes are recognized: (mild (m), virulent (v), very virulent (vv) and recently, very virulent + (vv+). All pathotypes of serotype 1 cause disease but serotype 1 isolates can be...
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Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) followed by ascites is a major cause of economic loss in the broiler industry. The main mechanism responsible for ascites in broiler chickens is an increase in intravascular hydrostatic pressure occurring secondary to right ventricular failure. Development of cardiac failure in an apparently healthy young broiler chicken is affected by a range of factors including genetic selection for rapid growth rate, high feed efficiency and a large pectoral...
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Introduction Maintaining the structure of the digestive tract in good health is critical for successful rearing of broilers. Dietary factors disrupting mucosal integrity or motility of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) might induce enteric disorders, wet litter problems, poor pigmentation and inefficient growth. Enteric disorders have been managed through dietary changes including the use of in-feed growth promoters and animal proteins. Addition of certain antibiotics to feed...
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Lesaffre has completed the acquisition of dsm-firmenich’s yeast extract business
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Mycoplasmosis is a contagious disease in game birds and poultry caused by a bacteria-like organism. The specific Mycoplasmas of concern to backyard flocks include Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS). These organisms have the ability to infect many different avian species including chickens, turkeys, quail, pheasant, and even certain wild birds. Just one infected bird brought onto the premises could potentially infect certain other types of...
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This one day technical conference will be held in Hannover, Germany on Monday 10th November 2008 (the day before Eurotier) which is for professional poultry producers, veterinarians and those in ancillary industries is hosted by International Hatchery Practice and International Poultry Production. After an introductory paper on "The role of vaccination in modern poultry production" by British poultry veterinarian Philip Hammond, the conference focuses goes on to focus on...
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An advanced intercross ( F6 ) between two commercial layer lines was used to map genes associated with survival to Marek’s disease using candidate gene and quantitative trait locus mapping approaches. After further validation and fine-mapping, the identified genes and genomic regions can be used to select for increased resistance to Marek’s disease using marker-assisted selection approaches. Introduction Marek’s...
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Since about 1999, West Nile Virus (WNV) has become a public health concern in the United States. Previously known to exist in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, WNV first occurred on the East Coast and has spread west to other states, including Kansas. Since appearing in the United States, there have been WNV cases in wild and exotic birds, bats, horses, small mammals and humans. Crows and blue jays are particularly susceptible to the effects of WNV and often die. However, most healthy animals...
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The microbial agents causing a number of intestinal diseases in young broilers have not yet been identified and such conditions are often called “viral enteritis” (Anonymous, 2008). However, agents causing similar signs in young birds have been reported around the world and have been called runting stunting syndrome (RSS), malabsorption syndrome, brittle bone disease, infectious proventriculitis, helicopter disease and pale bird syndrome (Rebel et al., 2006). Runting-stunting syndrome...
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Description Gangrenous dermatitis (GD) sometimes seems to occur almost spontaneously in birds 4-8 weeks of age. GD is also known as “gangrenous cellulitis,” “wing rot” or “red leg.” GD usually starts with the appearance of small pimples on the skin, soon progressing to involve large areas. Birds with GD have moist raw or dark areas where the underlying muscles are exposed. The breast, wings, rump and abdomen are most commonly involved....
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Innovative Directions in Aflatoxin Testing Point to Measureable Gains in Quality Of Lab Data
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A workshop to help researchers navigate the registration processes for vaccines and other poultry health products has been held by Bioproperties Pty Ltd, an SME manufacturing animal vaccines in Australia. Before new vaccines for layers or meat chickens are released, they need to pass through the stringent demands of the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA), the Office of the Gene Technology Regulator (OGTR) and, in some cases, the European Union...
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Since contaminated water can transmit serious diseases to birds, poultry owners should always provide good quality water for their flocks. “We know that avian influenza can be spread through water that wild ducks have been on,” says Gerald Hauer, assistant chief provincial veterinarian. “Most people know to keep their poultry away from dugouts and ponds, but we want to remind them to treat that water before they let their birds drink it.” To determine...
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The intestinal welfare is a crucial parameter in animal production, changes in the welfare cause disbiosis (bacterial enteritis, enteritis non-specific, bacterial overgrowth of population, clostridiosis or wet beds problems), necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis. The intestinal welfare is a not good known term that includes different status like absence of clinical...
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Australian poultry producers are benefiting from a range of rapid, cost-effective diagnostic tests previously unavailable in Australia thanks to a Poultry CRC project being undertaken at The University of Melbourne. According to the project leader, Dr. Amir Noormohammadi, the industry has been very happy with the vastly improved turn-around time for test results as well as the increased level of understanding these tests now give us thanks to improved...
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Researchers at the University of British Columbia have discovered an anti-virulence factor in Salmonella, knowledge that could be used to design improved Salmonella vaccines. Virulence factors allow a pathogen to thrive in the host and cause disease. An anti-virulence factor controls the degree of infectiveness. Salmonella are bacteria that infect a variety of vertebrae hosts. Salmonellosis, infection from Salmonella, can lead to gastroenteritis or typhoid fever -- a severe...
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It is widely accepted in many parts of the world that chick anaemia virus (CAV) can have a serious economic impact on the poultry industry through direct clinical and potentially even more damaging, sub-clinical disease. CAV was first identified in 1979 and since then has been found in all parts of the world where poultry are kept commercially. The causal virus is a very small circovirus, resistant to acid pH, ether, chloroform and heat. Vertical...
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Authors: Sathiyabama Kannan Assistant Professor and Head,Veterinary University Training and Research Centre, Cuddalore,(TANUVAS) and Murali Manohar Director, Centre for Animal Health Studies Madhavaram Milk Colony, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, (TANUVAS), Chennai-51 History: A quail farm with a popualtion of 10,000 Japanese quails in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu reported to have clinical symptoms such as listlessness, stressful...
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Intestinal parasites (worms) are very common in chickens in the backyard type poultry flocks. The presence of a few parasites do not usually cause a problem. However, large numbers can have a devastating effect on growth, egg production, and over-all health. The concentration of parasite eggs in the chickens environment is one factor which plays a major role in determining the severity of the infection. The chickens pick up the parasite eggs directly by ingesting contaminated feed, water, or...
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