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Poultry diseases
When chickens are healthy they consume less feed and produce more quality eggs. They are less trouble to look after and less money is spent on medical costs. Poultry disease can spread rapidly among chickens because they are usually kept together in the chicken house. The chickens share the same feeders and drinkers, which can spread disease and infections rapidly from sick to healthy chickens. In intensive egg production systems, much focus is placed on the egg laying performance of the flock. Poultry diseases can negatively affect the health and performance of your flock. Important and common poultry diseases include necrotic enteritis, chronic respiratory diseases, gangrenous dermatitis, fowl cholera, and avian influenza.
Authors: Sathiyabama Kannan Assistant Professor and Head,Veterinary University Training and Research Centre, Cuddalore,(TANUVAS) and Murali Manohar Director, Centre for Animal Health Studies Madhavaram Milk Colony, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, (TANUVAS), Chennai-51 History: A quail farm with a popualtion of 10,000 Japanese quails in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu reported to have clinical symptoms such as listlessness, stressful...
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Intestinal parasites (worms) are very common in chickens in the backyard type poultry flocks. The presence of a few parasites do not usually cause a problem. However, large numbers can have a devastating effect on growth, egg production, and over-all health. The concentration of parasite eggs in the chickens environment is one factor which plays a major role in determining the severity of the infection. The chickens pick up the parasite eggs directly by ingesting contaminated feed, water, or...
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A world-first discovery made by a Monash University PhD student working at CSIRO’s Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) in Geelong, has poultry scientists worldwide taking a fresh look at the devastating bacterial disease, necrotic enteritis. In a paper published on 8 February in the respected 'open access' international journal PLoS Pathogens, Anthony Keyburn and a team of Australian scientists outline the discovery of a new toxin and the...
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Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is usually considered to be a backyard flock problem. However, this disease continues to plague the poultry industry with sporadic episodes across the province of Ontario. Due to the persistent, latent, infectious nature of the virus, it can perpetuate itself, even after vaccination. Rolling reaction from chicken embryo origin (CEO) vaccines and transmission from backyard flocks keeps the industry at high alert for this disease. ILT is on the list of four...
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Have you thought about what may be happening within the guts of your hens? If not, they may look like this:
However, if your hens have an infestation of capillaria (hair) worms, there may be little to see unless you have a microscope, but the gut lining could be even more damaged than by the roundworms (ascaridia) in the picture above. Some free range...
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A new test for APV (APV-N) is available at the Uuniversity of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Developed by scientists within the University, the new test boasts several advances: 1. Saves time: More tests can be performed in less time with the new test. The RT-PCR cycling time has been reduced by more than 50%. 2. Reduced basic sample cost: Large scale testing is more economical. The basic cost of the RT-PCR step has been reduced by 40%. 3. Increased...
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The sub-therapeutic usage of antibiotics in livestock production is under severe scientific and public scrutiny because their use has been linked to the development of antibioticresistant pathogenic bacteria, which pose a threat to human health (Smith et al., 2003). As a result of such concerns, the European Union imposed a complete ban on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in livestock production on January 1, 2006. Although a complete ban on AGPs has not been implemented in many countries,...
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Skystar Bio- Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., a leading bio-pharmaceutical company in the People's Republic of China today announced that the Company was awarded the National High Technology Industrialization Pilot Project ("NHTIPP") for its DLV avian coccidiosis vaccine. Skystar received the NHTIPP award at the Ninth Shenzhen China High-Tech Fair in Shenzhen on October 12, 2007. The ACV project is a high-tech industrialization project approved and inspected by the National Development and...
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The effects of Escherichia coli, hen age, and dietary Bio-Mos and Flavomycin were studied to determine their influence on poult performance from 1 to 21 days. Day-of-hatch male turkey poults (British United Turkeys) were orally gavaged (1 ml) with 10 8 CFU/ml E. coli or sterile carrier broth. Within each E. coli treatment group, poults from two different hen ages (33 and 58 weeks of age) were fed diets containing Bio-Mos (2 lb/ton feed) and Flavomycin (2 g active ingredient/ton feed),...
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A new vaccine developed by CSIRO Livestock Industries to help control the common poultry disease, fowlpox, has been registered for commercial use by one of Australia’s leading animal health companies, Intervet Australia Pty Ltd. The vaccine – fowlpox # 2 – was developed by scientists from CSIRO’s Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) in Geelong, with funding support from the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation’s (RIRDC) Chicken Meat R&D Program. CSIRO...
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Saskatchewan's poultry industry will provide some financial assistance to the farm where avian influenza was discovered last week, says the chief executive of the Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan. The presence of highly pathogenic H7N3 avian influenza meant approximately 50,000 birds at Pedigree Poultry had to be euthanized by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. The owner will have to cover the cost of cleaning and disinfecting the facilities. "We are definitely in...
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Foodborne illnesses afflicts 4.2 million people each year in the United States, resulting in approximately 1,600 deaths and costing an estimated 9.2 billion dollars. Two foodborne pathogens that are often associated with poultry meat include Salmonella and Campylobacter jejuni. Salmonella was...
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Globion India Private Limited, the newly-incorporated subsidiary of Suguna Poultry Group, is setting up a poultry vaccine manufacturing facility in Hyderabad at an investment of Rs 42 crore. The foundation stone for the facility was laid by state minister for major industries, sugar, commerce and export promotion J Geeta Reddy on last Friday. “The Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (APIIC) has allotted 10 acres to the company in the phase III of Genome...
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Nutritionists, feed manufacturers, farmers and industry poultry managers are becoming increasingly aware of the fact that intestinal functions (i.e., digestion and absorption) and the intestinal barrier (as the first line of defense against aggressions arising from the luminal content) have major roles in animal performance and production. The following paper examines some of the processes that occur in the brush border region, among which are digestion and absorption capability, mucin...
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Researchers say studies do not confirm whether wild birds are carriers of the H5N1 bird flu virus. VOA's Luis Ramirez reports from Bangkok, where experts were gathering to figure out better ways to track how the disease is spreading. Experts meeting in said they have been dealing with data that might be unreliable because there is no uniform system of checking H5N1 infection among wild birds. The Food and Agriculture Organization brought together more than 70 experts from 12 countries....
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Arsenical feed additives have been used in poultry for control of coccidiosis and enhancement of growth since the discovery of activity in this group of compounds in the years after World War II and are still in use today. In particular, two compounds stand out. Nitarsone (4-nitro-phenyl arsonic acid) is used for prevention of histomoniasis in turkeys, and roxarsone (3-nitro-phenylarsonic acid) is used for improved coccidiosis control when given in combination with the ionophorous...
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Bacteria which live symbiotically inside the blood-sucking pests called red poultry mites could be a new and effective target to prevent the spread of Salmonella and similar pathogens in chickens, turkeys and other table birds, according to scientists speaking today (Wednesday 5 September 2007) at the Society for General Microbiology’s 161st Meeting at the University of Edinburgh, UK, which runs from 3-6 September 2007. Economic losses inside the European Union caused by the red poultry...
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An avian influenza (AI) response could involve emergency responders, skilled support personnel, veterinarians, personnel from Federal agencies and State departments of agriculture, employees from private industry, and State and local public-health workers. In an effort to increase preparedness among emergency responders for this potential threat, the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human...
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Immunoglobulins, also called antibodies or Igs, are proteins associated with health maintenance of poultry and mammals. They are secretory products of B-cells originating in the bursa of Fabricius, a small outpocket of the avian cloaca located just anterior to the vent. Surgical removal of bursa from young chicks is associated with a reduced capacity to produce antibodies to salmonella. Humans who have inherited defects in the ability to produce antibodies are...
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Each link in the chain from production to processing is vital. However, the process must begin with the foundation, a healthy bird. Great technological advances have been made in reaching optimum bird health and performance, but the threat of disease is always imminent. Live production managers and service representatives face myriad challenges in maintaining an effective poultry health program. Be sure you and your company stay up to date on the latest disease prevention methods,...
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