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Poultry diseases
When chickens are healthy they consume less feed and produce more quality eggs. They are less trouble to look after and less money is spent on medical costs. Poultry disease can spread rapidly among chickens because they are usually kept together in the chicken house. The chickens share the same feeders and drinkers, which can spread disease and infections rapidly from sick to healthy chickens. In intensive egg production systems, much focus is placed on the egg laying performance of the flock. Poultry diseases can negatively affect the health and performance of your flock. Important and common poultry diseases include necrotic enteritis, chronic respiratory diseases, gangrenous dermatitis, fowl cholera, and avian influenza.
Since about 1999, West Nile Virus (WNV) has become a public health concern in the United States. Previously known to exist in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, WNV first occurred on the East Coast and has spread west to other states, including Kansas. Since appearing in the United States, there have been WNV cases in wild and exotic birds, bats, horses, small mammals and humans. Crows and blue jays are particularly susceptible to the effects of WNV and often die. However, most healthy animals...
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The microbial agents causing a number of intestinal diseases in young broilers have not yet been identified and such conditions are often called “viral enteritis” (Anonymous, 2008). However, agents causing similar signs in young birds have been reported around the world and have been called runting stunting syndrome (RSS), malabsorption syndrome, brittle bone disease, infectious proventriculitis, helicopter disease and pale bird syndrome (Rebel et al., 2006). Runting-stunting syndrome...
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Description Gangrenous dermatitis (GD) sometimes seems to occur almost spontaneously in birds 4-8 weeks of age. GD is also known as “gangrenous cellulitis,” “wing rot” or “red leg.” GD usually starts with the appearance of small pimples on the skin, soon progressing to involve large areas. Birds with GD have moist raw or dark areas where the underlying muscles are exposed. The breast, wings, rump and abdomen are most commonly involved....
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A workshop to help researchers navigate the registration processes for vaccines and other poultry health products has been held by Bioproperties Pty Ltd, an SME manufacturing animal vaccines in Australia. Before new vaccines for layers or meat chickens are released, they need to pass through the stringent demands of the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA), the Office of the Gene Technology Regulator (OGTR) and, in some cases, the European Union...
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Since contaminated water can transmit serious diseases to birds, poultry owners should always provide good quality water for their flocks. “We know that avian influenza can be spread through water that wild ducks have been on,” says Gerald Hauer, assistant chief provincial veterinarian. “Most people know to keep their poultry away from dugouts and ponds, but we want to remind them to treat that water before they let their birds drink it.” To determine...
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The intestinal welfare is a crucial parameter in animal production, changes in the welfare cause disbiosis (bacterial enteritis, enteritis non-specific, bacterial overgrowth of population, clostridiosis or wet beds problems), necrotic enteritis and coccidiosis. The intestinal welfare is a not good known term that includes different status like absence of clinical...
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Australian poultry producers are benefiting from a range of rapid, cost-effective diagnostic tests previously unavailable in Australia thanks to a Poultry CRC project being undertaken at The University of Melbourne. According to the project leader, Dr. Amir Noormohammadi, the industry has been very happy with the vastly improved turn-around time for test results as well as the increased level of understanding these tests now give us thanks to improved...
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Researchers at the University of British Columbia have discovered an anti-virulence factor in Salmonella, knowledge that could be used to design improved Salmonella vaccines. Virulence factors allow a pathogen to thrive in the host and cause disease. An anti-virulence factor controls the degree of infectiveness. Salmonella are bacteria that infect a variety of vertebrae hosts. Salmonellosis, infection from Salmonella, can lead to gastroenteritis or typhoid fever -- a severe...
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It is widely accepted in many parts of the world that chick anaemia virus (CAV) can have a serious economic impact on the poultry industry through direct clinical and potentially even more damaging, sub-clinical disease. CAV was first identified in 1979 and since then has been found in all parts of the world where poultry are kept commercially. The causal virus is a very small circovirus, resistant to acid pH, ether, chloroform and heat. Vertical...
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Authors: Sathiyabama Kannan Assistant Professor and Head,Veterinary University Training and Research Centre, Cuddalore,(TANUVAS) and Murali Manohar Director, Centre for Animal Health Studies Madhavaram Milk Colony, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, (TANUVAS), Chennai-51 History: A quail farm with a popualtion of 10,000 Japanese quails in Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu reported to have clinical symptoms such as listlessness, stressful...
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Intestinal parasites (worms) are very common in chickens in the backyard type poultry flocks. The presence of a few parasites do not usually cause a problem. However, large numbers can have a devastating effect on growth, egg production, and over-all health. The concentration of parasite eggs in the chickens environment is one factor which plays a major role in determining the severity of the infection. The chickens pick up the parasite eggs directly by ingesting contaminated feed, water, or...
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A world-first discovery made by a Monash University PhD student working at CSIRO’s Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) in Geelong, has poultry scientists worldwide taking a fresh look at the devastating bacterial disease, necrotic enteritis. In a paper published on 8 February in the respected 'open access' international journal PLoS Pathogens, Anthony Keyburn and a team of Australian scientists outline the discovery of a new toxin and the...
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APIs and Vitamin MARKET - The weak demand for the APIs
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Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is usually considered to be a backyard flock problem. However, this disease continues to plague the poultry industry with sporadic episodes across the province of Ontario. Due to the persistent, latent, infectious nature of the virus, it can perpetuate itself, even after vaccination. Rolling reaction from chicken embryo origin (CEO) vaccines and transmission from backyard flocks keeps the industry at high alert for this disease. ILT is on the list of four...
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Have you thought about what may be happening within the guts of your hens? If not, they may look like this:
However, if your hens have an infestation of capillaria (hair) worms, there may be little to see unless you have a microscope, but the gut lining could be even more damaged than by the roundworms (ascaridia) in the picture above. Some free range...
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A new test for APV (APV-N) is available at the Uuniversity of Minnesota Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Developed by scientists within the University, the new test boasts several advances: 1. Saves time: More tests can be performed in less time with the new test. The RT-PCR cycling time has been reduced by more than 50%. 2. Reduced basic sample cost: Large scale testing is more economical. The basic cost of the RT-PCR step has been reduced by 40%. 3. Increased...
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The sub-therapeutic usage of antibiotics in livestock production is under severe scientific and public scrutiny because their use has been linked to the development of antibioticresistant pathogenic bacteria, which pose a threat to human health (Smith et al., 2003). As a result of such concerns, the European Union imposed a complete ban on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in livestock production on January 1, 2006. Although a complete ban on AGPs has not been implemented in many countries,...
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Skystar Bio- Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., a leading bio-pharmaceutical company in the People's Republic of China today announced that the Company was awarded the National High Technology Industrialization Pilot Project ("NHTIPP") for its DLV avian coccidiosis vaccine. Skystar received the NHTIPP award at the Ninth Shenzhen China High-Tech Fair in Shenzhen on October 12, 2007. The ACV project is a high-tech industrialization project approved and inspected by the National Development and...
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The effects of Escherichia coli, hen age, and dietary Bio-Mos and Flavomycin were studied to determine their influence on poult performance from 1 to 21 days. Day-of-hatch male turkey poults (British United Turkeys) were orally gavaged (1 ml) with 10 8 CFU/ml E. coli or sterile carrier broth. Within each E. coli treatment group, poults from two different hen ages (33 and 58 weeks of age) were fed diets containing Bio-Mos (2 lb/ton feed) and Flavomycin (2 g active ingredient/ton feed),...
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A new vaccine developed by CSIRO Livestock Industries to help control the common poultry disease, fowlpox, has been registered for commercial use by one of Australia’s leading animal health companies, Intervet Australia Pty Ltd. The vaccine – fowlpox # 2 – was developed by scientists from CSIRO’s Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL) in Geelong, with funding support from the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation’s (RIRDC) Chicken Meat R&D Program. CSIRO...
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Saskatchewan's poultry industry will provide some financial assistance to the farm where avian influenza was discovered last week, says the chief executive of the Chicken Farmers of Saskatchewan. The presence of highly pathogenic H7N3 avian influenza meant approximately 50,000 birds at Pedigree Poultry had to be euthanized by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. The owner will have to cover the cost of cleaning and disinfecting the facilities. "We are definitely in...
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