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Mycotoxins

Welcome to the page about Mycotoxins of Engormix; a source of knowledge on Mycotoxins.
In a bid to enhance animal health and nutrition for sustainable food security in Sub-Saharan Africa, Livestock Industry Foundation for Africa (LIFA), with the support of the Zoetis Foundation, orchestrated a groundbreaking initiative in West Africa titled “Knowledge Update on Poultry Health and Nutrition.” This transformative program aimed to impart critical knowledge and skills to enhance poultry health practices in the region. Spanning two significant sessions held on...
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INTRODUCTION For manufacturers and retailers across an expanding spectrum of market and industry sectors, the level of bisphenol A (BPA) in the products they make or sell is becoming not only an increasingly important measure of their commitment to consumer and environmental health and safety, but also a major compliance issue. An estrogen-like chemical that can interfere with hormonal function, BPA has long been a key component of the polycarbonate polymers and epoxy resins used to...
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INTRODUCTION Fermented beverages constitute a major part of the diets of traditional African homes (Tafere, 2015). In Nigeria, traditional beverages are widely consumed and mostly preferred to commercial soft drinks by individuals from low income settings due to their relatively low cost of production and high nutritional benefits (Ezekiel et al., 2015). Kunu is a traditional beverage produced principally from single or mixed cereals such as maize, millet, rice, or sorghum. In...
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The liver is the largest gland of the body and an accessory organ of the poultry digestive system. The liver involves in a wide range of functions including the fat mobilization and metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and...
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Introduction Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by various fungi in a variety of commodities and foods. These compounds are not directly involved in the basic functioning of fungi, but some appear to play a “chemical offense” role and increase the susceptibility of the host organism to further fungal infection 1 . As suggested by their name, mycotoxins can cause toxic effects when consumed. The potential harmful effects of mycotoxins vary and a...
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In the first half of 2023, Life Rainbow mycotoxin analysis lab collected 141 feed samples of raw materials and feed mills in farms and analyzed them. The survey provides essential information on the feed pollution situation of Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2), Zearalenone, Fumonisins (B1, B2, and B3) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in Taiwan. All the samples were analyzed using ELISA Mycotoxin analysis kit. Results: 141 feed samples were collected, and 80.1% were...
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Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by certain types of fungi that can contaminate feed and feed ingredients with detrimental effects on pig performance. Effects of mycotoxins on swine include reduced feed intake, altered nutrient utilization, impaired growth performance, immune system suppression, reproductive issues, and organ damage. Mycotoxins can cause a decrease in feed intake. Affected animals may show reduced appetite, leading to lower nutrient intake and slower growth...
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Siska Croubels
Ghent University
INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins are low-molecular weight secondary metabolites of different fungal genera, able to cause various diseases in human and animals, thus contributing to economic losses in agriculture and stockbreeding. Mycotoxins can be found in various food and feed commodities, especially in grains and grain-based products, but also in vegetables, fruits and fruit juices, oil seeds and oils, spices, coffee, and wine (Bennett and Klich, 2003). The most prevalent mycotoxins,...
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Fernando Tamames
Special Nutrients
Specialist in mycotoxins for 30 years: Fernando Tamames III, President
Fernando Tamames III, President of Special Nutrients, talks about the last 30 years as a mycotoxins specialist in animal nutrition....
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INTRODUCTION Aflatoxins and other mycotoxin are activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), are a structurally diverse group of fungal secondary metabolites and a toxigenically and chemically heterogeneous assemblage. They are ubiquitous contaminants in a broad range of agricultural commodities and feed (Table 1) and can contaminate the food supply at any time during production, processing, transport or storage (Bräse et al., 2009). Currently, far more than 400 mycotoxins...
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INTRODUCTION Mycotoxins contaminate the diet of a large proportion of the world’s population and represent a global public health issue (Wambacq et al., 2016), with the highest exposure reported in developing countries (Shephard, 2008). Young children and infants are particularly at risk and around three times more vulnerable than adults to the toxic effects of mycotoxins, because of their higher intake/body weight ratio, higher metabolic rate and lower detoxification...
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INTRODUCTION Fungi plays a substantial role in spoilage of agricultural commodities and produces a variety of toxic secondary metabolites called mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and farm animals (Andersen and Thrane, 2006; Van Egmond et al., 2007; Mudili et al., 2014; Venkataramana et al., 2014; Muthulakshmi et al., 2018). The fungal infestations primarily commence at pre-harvesting and post-harvesting times owed to inappropriate agronomic practices (Neme and Mohammed, 2017)....
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This study was investigating the effects of a defined concentration of Fusarium mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) incorporated into feeds on growth performance of pigs and the alleviating effects of a mycotoxin degrading enzyme (MDE) on the toxicity of Fusarium mycotoxins. A total of 48 weaning pigs was randomly allotted to four treatments for a 6-week challenged trial. The MDE product was a kind of mycotoxin degradation enzyme with esterase, epoxidase and...
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John Leslie
Kansas State University
INTRODUCTION: THE GENERAL PLAYING FIELD Mycotoxins in developed countries are a significant food safety issue that is reasonably well controlled (World Health Organization, 2018). Regulatory checks at levels from grain elevators to in-house company checks usually identify contaminated lots and ensure that mycotoxins in both human foods and animal feeds do not exceed regulatory guidelines. Mycotoxin-related problems can be front page news, though such as the contamination of dog food...
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abhishek kumar
abhishek kumar and 1 more
Introduction An estimated 30 to 50% of food commodities are lost during pre-harvest or post-harvest globally, which does not only threaten global food security but wastes 1.47–1.96 Gha of arable land, 0.75–1.25 trillion cubic meters of water and 1 to 1.5% of global energy (Fox and Fimeche, 2013). The pre-harvest and postharvest losses in food commodities may occur due to attack by several biotic and abiotic factors. In storage system, fungal bio-deterioration of stored...
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INTRODUCTION A Rising Call To Action As government-mandated and industry-driven hazard identification and prevention efforts become standard operating procedure for an expanding cross-section of the global feed industry, the need of its diverse stakeholders for fast, easy, cost-effective access to reliable aflatoxin data continues to intensify. Recognition of aflatoxins as a chemical hazard of very high concern spans the gamut of national and international regulatory...
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Belen  Riccio
Belen Riccio and 1 more
UNICEN
Introduction Zearalenone (ZEA) is a worldwide distributed mycotoxin as indicated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). 1–3 Its toxicity and incidence was confirmed by recent reports. 4,5 This resorcylic lactone is produced mainly by Fusarium graminearum and is one of the most important toxins causing serious reproductive failures in pig production, due to its ability to couple 17--estradiol receptors. This interference with cytosolic...
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