Martin Smith

@M.C. Fernando R. Feuchter A. Creatine is ONLY found in raw materials of animal origin; so yes, fish meal, meat and bone meal. The problem is variability; our analyses show variations of +/- 100% !! Reliance on creatine supply from such raw materials is therefore a real gamble...better to use a guaranteed source...

@Luis De Uriarte Using any pure amino acid is justifiable on cost grounds; just make sure you are using digestible amino acids (preferably Standardised Ileal) as your target / specification. Their use will allow reduction of crude protein, that in itself will reduce nitrogen excretion and ammonia production. Additionally, of course, Methionine is the precursor to glutathione, the primary antioxida ...

Very interesting paper. I see that both Ross and Cobb birds are included. Could you identify differences between these breeds?

@Dr. Rajendra Prasad Vemana I really do not agree with this very "broad brush" description. If I consider that sNSP content of maize is only 20% that of wheat, I cannot see in any way that an enzyme that MIGHT contribute 100 kcal energy sparing in a wheat-based diet can provide anything close to 100 kcal in a maize-based diet - simply not enough substrate! I would use 20 - 30 kcal maximum such die ...

@Mike Stahl Dear Mike. Actually, trials demonstrate the same bioefficacy level in all types of livestock, including Laying hens. There are numerous laying hen experiments - both in field conditions and at research facilities - confirming that 100 parts of MHA can be replaced by 65 parts of DL Methionine with no loss in performance but significant savings in feed cost. I can share these with you if ...