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Swine enteric diseases
Enteric diseases, including ileitis, salmonellosis and porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED), are common gastrointestinal disorders that, if left untreated, can result in undernourished, dehydrated pigs and possible death.
Pigs of all ages are susceptible to intestinal diseases, and diarrhea is the clinical sign common to nearly all such disorders. Infectious agents that cause enteropathies are typically transmitted via the fecal-oral route. More than 20 etiologic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites, can cause primary intestinal disease in pigs. Some other viruses, including sapovirus, adenocirus, and enterovirus, also have been isolated from the intestines of pigs but are not associated with economically consequential disease.
Pig diarrhoea is one of the most frequent health problem in modern production, which can be associated with high mortality, decreased growth rates and an increase in treatment costs. The solution for an enteric disease requires a diagnosis which is based on diagnostic criteria, that must be respected to be reliable. The veterinary practitioner has the responsibility of making a final diagnosis, and based on this to make decisions concerning the management of swine health problems. The veterinary diagnostic laboratory can be an important support providing technical assistance in performing laboratory testing and consultancy activity.
It has been a long year for many pig farmers that have experienced first-hand the impact of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus or PEDV. Since first surfacing just over one year ago, it has spread to pig farms in 30 states. And, although it poses no threat to human health or food safety, it is causing increased piglet death and labor costs anywhere it appears....
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PORCINE epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is difficult to control and causes high death loss in suckling pigs younger than two weeks of age, resulting in signifi cant financial loss to all sectors of the swine industry. PEDV spreads quickly and easily.
The primary route of infection is through direct contact with infected pigs or from the manure of infected pigs. Other routes of infection responsible for spreading the virus may...
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Optimal tryptophan: lysine Ratio for 25-40 Kg Growing Pigs Fed Diets Containing 35 % Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
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INTRODUCTION Organic acids have been used for decades in commercial compound feeds, mostly in feed preservation, where formic and propionic acids are particularly effective. In the European Union, these two organic acids and a number of others (lactic, citric, fumaric and sorbic acids) and their salts (e.g. calcium formate, calcium propionate) are used under the classification ‘feed...
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On our pig farm, Surin Farm – Chiang Mai, Thailand, my Thai wife often takes a heavily leaved branch from a guava tree and throws it into a pen when the pigs have diarrhea. The pigs love to eat the leaves and most of the time within a day the pigs that had diarrhea are once again healthy. Out of curiosity I searched the internet and read about the June 2004 “Healthcare Use for Diarrhea and Dysentery” study where Kaljee L M (et al)...
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ABSTRACT Enteric diseases are some of the most significant contributors to baby pig morbidity and mortality in the farrowing house. Piglet immunity must be maximized in order to provide them with the opportunity to thrive in the farrowing house. The production of consistent, high quality pigs is a goal all sow operations are working to achieve. By maximizing piglet immunity and using proper husbandry practices, scouring problems can be minimized....
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Introduction Salmonella enterica is one of the most common and widely distributed food-borne pathogens. The bacteria can contaminate almost any food type although raw eggs, poultry and pork are the most common sources of human outbreaks of salmonellosis [1]. Contamination can occur at any point of the food chain including primary production. Due to the ability of Salmonella to survive during large periods...
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Since parasites in commercial pig herds can cause economic loss to the producer in many ways including: decrease feed efficiency, increase time to market, and decrease carcass value. What would be the main procedures to be adopted to identify a worm problem? Look forward to hearing your experiences! ...
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Salmonella control has a high priority in European pork production. It is a significant cause of human salmonellosis and causes major economic losses in the pork production chain, through reduced productivity, increased veterinary and hygiene control costs. Preventing the spread of salmonella to the consumer requires special control measures during slaughter and processing. The extra cost of these controls is increasingly being...
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Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea (AAD) is diarrhoea caused by antibiotic (ATB) supplementation and usually occurring during or following ATB treatment. This phenomenon is highly spread in hospitals or health care houses where patients usually contract diarrhoea when receiving ATB treatment. The major identified bacteria causing AAD is Clostridium difficile . Many C.diff infections can be observed in UK hospitals causing up to death of some patients, mainly...
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Salmonella control has a high priority in European pork production. It is a significant cause of human Salmonellosis and causes major economic losses in the pork production chain, through reduced productivity, increased veterinary and hygiene control costs. Preventing the spread of salmonella to the consumer requires special control measures during slaughter and processing. The extra cost of these controls is increasingly being...
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Peter Theobald, European Sales Manager for Addcon's feed additives, gave a lecture about salmonella control in pigs at the IPVS Congress 2010 in Vancouver and he talked to Engormix.com about a new product to control this disease....
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Parasites have been a problem for livestock producers for as long as there has been livestock. These parasites can cause economic loss to the producer in many ways including: decrease feed efficiency, increase time to market, and decrease carcass value. With modern swine rearing techniques, the emphasis on swine parasites has shifted toward three internal parasites and one external one. The internal parasites include the large roundworm (Ascaris suum), the whipworm (Trichuris suis), and the...
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Optimal tryptophan: lysine Ratio for 25-40 Kg Growing Pigs Fed Diets Containing 35 % Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
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Porcine Intestinal Adenomatosus (PIA), or more commonly known as pig ileitis, comprises a disease complex with a group of conditions involving pathological changes in the small intestine associated with the intracellular bacterium Lawsonia intracellularis. The organism affects the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine, mostly the ileum and sometimes even the colon, causing hypertrophy with or without haemorrhage. The disease affects grower and finisher...
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Pigs are known carriers of the bacterium Yersinia enterocolitica , and they can infect both other pigs and people. Human infection occurs through eating improperly-cooked pork. Professor Truls Nesbakken of the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science is trying to rid pigs of the bacterium.
The professor, who already has 2 Norwegian doctorates (Dr. scient and Dr. med. vet.), recently defended his thesis for the degree of Dr. philos., entitled "Control of human pathogenic...
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Lice may often go unrecognized in a swine herd, even though these parasites are widely distributed among herds in the United States. Lice infestation is often not considered a serious problem, but it may lead to economic losses for the producer. It is important for the producer to watch for signs of lice infestation and to be able to recognize these parasites on swine.
About the...
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External parasites of swine are a serious problem for Florida producers. Arthropod parasites limit production by feeding on blood, skin, and hair. The wounds and skin irritation produced by these parasites result in discomfort and irritation to the animal. In Florida, the major pests on swine are lice, mange mites, ticks and stable flies, although horse flies, deer flies, mosquitoes and wound-infesting maggots may also cause severe problems. Hog...
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Salmonella is a significant food safety hazard of food and control of this organism will continue to be a challenge to the pork industry. Previous research shows that a higher Salmonella prevalence for pigs tested at slaughter, compared to when they are tested on farm. The stress of transportation and improper handling were blamed for causing this phenomenon. Stress has been suggested as a reason for increased Salmonella shedding and cross contamination between Salmonella-carrying and...
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Salmonellosis is a major food borne disease threat to public health. In Canada, Salmonella is the second most common bacterial food borne pathogen (after Campylobacter ) for which swine serve as a reservoir. Salmonella has a complex epidemiology. Despite copious research, there has been little progress in identifying cost-effective interventions for Salmonella on-farm. Significant strides have been made at decreasing Salmonella contamination at...
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Pork producers can now use Denagard® (tiamulin) 10 Medicated Premix to combat costly enteric diseases in pigs weighing more than 250 pounds. The Food and Drug Administration recently accepted the removal of the weight limit. “Denagard is effective in pigs and market hogs of all ages, and now with the weight restriction removed, producers can use the product to control disease in animals weighing more than 250 pounds,” says Steve Boren, head of the U.S. farm animal business for...
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Lice and mange mites are two common external parasites found on swine. Mange and lice infestations are increasing as confinement rearing increases, particularly mange. The crowding of animals promotes easier transmission. Hog lice are nearly 1/4-inch long and large enough to be easily seen with the naked eye. They are often overlooked, however, because of the slate blue color which may resemble the skin of the hog. Lice are first noticed in small clumps inside the ears...
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