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Swine biosecurity
Biosecurity of pigs at the farm level is the set of practical measures taken to prevent entrance of infection into a pig farm and control the spread of infection within that farm. The goal of a biosecurity program is to keep out pathogens that the herd has not been exposed to and to minimize the impact of endemic pathogens. Pig farm security can be defined as the planning and implementation of a program to minimize various types of risk that can have detrimental effects on the farmstead and pigs. Biosecurity and security procedures are intertwined to enhance the health and productivity of pigs. Numerous factors are involved in the development and maintenance of a cost-effective program for biosecurity. These factors can be thought of as links in a chain; a biosecurity program is only as strong as its weakest link.
ll farm biosecurity and security risk factors are unique to that farm and, thus, each biosecurity plan should be farm specific. The best plans are created by working with a swine veterinarian or veterinary consultant who has extensive knowledge of the farm, employees, and local risk factors.
The application of biosecurity measures differs among farms due to the geographic location of the farm, proximity to other pig farms, epidemiological situation (causes, distribution, and control of disease in the herd), type of swine operation, level of technology used for production, and whether other people are employed on the farm.
John Morris Fairbrother (Université de Montréal) discussed the use of these methods in his research on Escherichia coli in pigs, during IPVS2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
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Ana Castillo (Iowa State University) presented her research on circulating serotypes, during IPVS2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
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Daniel Linhares (Iowa State University) shared his insights on indicators and methods for monitoring this disease, in this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Daniel Linhares (Iowa State University) talked about virus detection and research results on PRRS outbreaks, in this Swine It interview with host Laura Greiner....
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Mitigating the negative impact of Lawsonia intracellularis to improve intestinal resilience and pig performance.
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Panels will bring themes related to biosecurity, productivity and innovation, topics that are the foundation of the swine production in the world
With the high production costs, coming mainly from the inputs used in the manufacture of feed, efficiency in the production system is essential to generate positive balances in farms. In this scenario, the best way to achieve success is the use of innovations, to reduce costs and improve production...
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Background Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired human disease, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and costs [1]. During the last decade, particular clones of MRSA called livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA), due to their ability to colonize and persist in livestock, has emerged in most European countries [2]. The most widespread LA-MRSA in Europe and Northern America belongs to...
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The dissemination of ASF and the challenges involved in containing its damage were the topics of discussion during the IPVS’ Panel presented online at the 333 Experience Congress, held on November 19th, which brought together...
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Introduction African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most complex infectious swine diseases. Its notification to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) is mandatory due to the high mortality it causes, its efficient transmission rate and the great sanitary and socioeconomic impact that it produces on international trade of pigs and pork products. The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a large, enveloped double-stranded DNA virus, which is the only...
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Introduction Although only two years have passed since the last IPVS congress in Chongqing (China), the global swine industry has been completely transformed by the emerged threat of African swine fever (ASF). The introduction of ASF to South East Asia, especially to China, has altered perceptions of ASF. On one hand, the massive scale of the outbreak in the People Republic of China (PRC) has given the perception that the situation in many countries is not...
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The disease African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most important infectious disease of swine. This disease causes greater sanitary, social and economic impacts due to its high mortality rate in domestic pigs and restrictions on the pig and pork trade. It is not a zoonotic disease, which limits its impact on public health. ASF must be notified to the World Organization of Animal Health (OIE). There is not a commercial vaccine or treatment against ASF at...
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The International Pig Veterinary Society (IPVS) will support the 333 Experience Congress, which will be held for the first time in Brazil. The online event will be on November 18th – 19th, 2021.
The program will include nine different panels. On November 19th, from 10 am to 12 pm IPVS2022 will be sharing highly relevant information on African Swine Fever (ASF) in a panel entitled A Global overview of the African Swine Fever, which will be chaired by Fernanda Almeida, and Lia...
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Introduction Influenza A viruses (IAV) are the causative agents of one of the most important viral respiratory diseases in pigs and humans. Human and swine IAV are prone to interspecies transmission, leading to regular incursions from human to pig and vice versa. This bidirectional transmission of IAV has heavily influenced the evolutionary history of IAV in both species. Interspecies transmission of distinct human seasonal lineages, adaptation followed by...
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Introduction Although African swine fever (ASF) was first described almost a century ago, controlling the disease has proven to be a challenge, in particular because no vaccine or treatment are available. Spread of ASF can only be prevented by early detection and the application of strict compliance of classical disease control methods, including surveillance, epidemiological investigation, tracing of pigs, stamping out in infected holdings, strict...
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Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a major viral disease of swine with devastating economic consequences to the swine industry. 1,2 Pigs of all ages are susceptible to PRRS virus, with highly variable clinical manifestations in different age groups of infected pigs, ranging from abortion, anorexia, and pyrexia in pregnant sows to respiratory signs, high mortality, and poor growth in young pigs. 3 Several direct and indirect mechanisms have been...
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Mitigating the negative impact of Lawsonia intracellularis to improve intestinal resilience and pig performance.
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A newly published open access review article [1] discusses the epidemiological conclusions made about how porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) may have been introduced to the first confirmed PEDV case farm in Ontario, Canada on January 22, 2014. The authors noted that an epidemiological investigation [2] had concluded that “ The weight of evidence gathered during an outbreak of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) in Canada in January 2014 supports an association with feed containing...
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1. Introduction Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most important infectious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boars, caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV), which belongs to the species Pestivirus C, is an enveloped RNA virus belonging to the growing genus Pestivirus, within the family Flaviviridae [1–3]. CSFV strains can be divided into three genotypes, with three to four sub-genotypes [4]. In the American continent, the circulating viruses belong...
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FAO alerted countries to take preventive measures in light of the recent detection of the first case of African swine fever in the Americas, discovered in domestic pigs in the Dominican Republic, on July 28, 2021.
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations stated that African swine fever does not represent any risk to human health, neither through direct contact with infected animals, nor through the consumption of any animal product.
The disease is now found...
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Introduction During the last decades, the use of data by farmers has been limited. Most of the systems used were simple and mainly focused on the management of farm tasks, with limited or no capacity of analysis. Integration of data from different devices or farms was also difficult, and there was little applied knowledge on the value of data in the strategic decision-making. Another weak point, not solved so far, is the lack of support services in use of...
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Introduction
Talk about traditional bacteria in pigs, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) will be among the first ones to be mentioned. The “tradition” of this microorganism may be based on the fact that it has been recognized as a swine-specific pathogen for more than five decades, that it is prevalent in most areas where pigs are raised, and that it is common to accept its circulation in pig herds....
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The global swine production industry has experienced a revolution in the last 30 to 40 years. Forty years ago, production was geographically centralized (i.e., all production activities were centrally located), small scale and outdoors. Producers were knowledgeable in many areas, but a specialist in none and few had employees. Swine production has now transitioned to where many of the production activities are geographically decentralized at specialized facilities. The...
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