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Metabolic and nutritional diseases in poultry
Deficiencies or disturbances of nutrition cause a variety of diseases and can arise in different ways. The amount of a particular nutrient in the diet may be insufficient to meet the requirements, the diet may contain substances that inactivate the nutrient or inhibit its absorption/utilisation, or metabolism may be upset by the interaction of dietary and environmental factors. Peroxidation of lipids or oxygen free radical generation in general is a physiological process important for cell metabolism, division and differentiation and also for the biosynthesis of hormones and prostaglandins. Several common health conditions can affect poultry, including visceral gout, fatty liver syndrome, cloacal prolapse, osteomalacia, vitamin E deficiency, and ascites syndrome. Understanding these conditions and implementing appropriate management strategies can help prevent and treat them effectively.
Some Strategies to Alleviate the Incidence of Ascites in Broilers are 1. Higher level of Vitamin C, Vitamin E & Se 2. Addition of Sodium bicarbonate 1% 3. Addition of 0.2% Aspirin 4. Feed Restriction ...
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Introduction Footpad dermatitis (FPD) is a type of skin inflammation that causes necrotic lesions on the plantar surface of footpads in broilers and turkeys (Shepherd and Fairchild, 2010). Chicken feet or paws are considered a culinary delicacy in many cultures and have become the third most important economic part of the chicken (chicken breast and wings are the first and second,...
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management for broiler farms and control medicines for crd,e-coli, mycoplasma...
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Ascites, also known as"'water belly," is a disease in which fluid accumulates in a bird's abdominal cavity. The fluid may contain yellow protein clots, giving it a yellowish tinge.
Ascites arise mainly in broiler and layer chicks due to following reasons:
1. Poor Ventilation : In winter, farms has to be closed to prevent birds from cold air. Due to which huge amount of ammonia gets collected inside the farm which reduce oxygen inside the farm thus cause ascites.
2. High Protein Feed....
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What can be the cause of chickens to brake the knee joint? I have 100 birds that have died... ...
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INTRODUCTION Spiking mortality syndrome is a disease of uncertain etiology characterized by mortality (>0.5%) for approximately 3 consecutive days during the first 3 wk of life. Affected young broilers may experience tremors, blindness, ataxia, and coma; most are hypoglycemic (Davis et al., 1995). Because none of these clinical signs can be considered a specific identifying characteristic of the disease, spiking...
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During the past cycle we experienced the following: mucoid enteritis; disfunctional ceacum; contents of ceacum is watery and filled with bubbles in the feed passage; undigested feed particles in the small intestine; wet droppings due to liquid ceacal content.There were no abnormal mortallitys.The growth performance were very poor and the feed conversion were also very poor. This scenario started at a age of 25 days till slaughter on 34 days. My personal feeling...
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I am a broiler farmer in Kenya. I use brickets for heating in the houses. This invariably creates carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide . Ultimately, the birds suffer from ascites (waterbelly) . Any advice on how to cure this? Obviously at a reasonable prices and not a complicated system? Kind regards Musa. Ndeto ...
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Nowadays, genetic improvements have provided chickens with faster growth in lower production periods. In this situation skeletal abnormalities and stress are the negative consequences of the chickens’ modifications (Robinson et al., 1992). On the other hand, feeding planners have to exert several feeding programs due to the alternating changes of birds’ requirements and also their welfare situation during the time (Shariatmadari,...
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Postmortem findings : 1. Severe visceral gouts 2. Swollen kidney (with deposition of color urate crystal) 3. Proventicular ulceration 4. Normal liver 5. Notmal intestine Clinical findings : 1. Number of sick birds is 1-2% 2. Mortality 4-7% 3. Most of birds look normal History : 1. Different age group of birds (7 to 34 days)...
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Leg problems can occur in fast-growing strains of broilers and turkeys. These disorders are not unique to small flocks; they also occur in commercial broiler and turkey flocks. Estimates of the incidence of leg and foot problems range from 0.5 to 4 percent of all broilers grown. What is a leg problem? Some birds may develop crooked legs, toes and feet; bowlegs; twisted joints; or swollen hock joints between the drumstick and the...
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The ascites syndrome in broiler flocks has been increasing at an alarming rate, and this condition has become one of the leading causes of mortality and whole carcass condemnations throughout the world. Ascites represents a spectrum of physiological and metabolic changes...
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Rickets can occur in young birds due to insufficient Vitamin D 3 , calcium and/or phosphorus. Commercial feeds and supplements provide these nutrients, but if they are over-diluted, the birds will not get enough. Birds can synthesize their own Vitamin D, to a certain extent, with exposure to sunlight. A deficiency of any of these nutrients can also lead to problems with egg-laying birds. Egg production may be reduced...
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This chick have leg problem. Someone would like to tell me the reason and preventions? ...
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Osteoporosis (Caged Layer Fatigue) is a condition which manifests itself in several clinical signs. There is leg weakness and sometime paralysis. Affected birds are unable to stand and usually to move to the back area of the cage. They often fall onto their sides with leg outstretched. Birds which live for several days after going down may dehydrated or emaciate and are out of production. Although affected birds initially are alert and can continue to eat,...
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We have broilers at 3050 mts in the Caucasus and we’ve done a detailed study about chicken breeding in altitude, which presented us alternatives (we’ve reached mortality percentages of 5.3) We want to get acquainted with experiences in the use of selenium doses (not from fish but from alfalfa) to replace phosphorus in cysteine, metionine and lysine, to give a true value to the protein. We also need information related to the provision of vitamin K in these broilers to...
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Achieving maximum health and performance of poultry requires nutritionally balanced diets. One of the common issues with regard to back yard flocks relates to poor or inadequate feeding programs that can lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies for the birds. Vitamins and minerals are very important components of a chickens diet and unless a formulated ration is feed, it is likely that deficiencies will occur. Poultry require all known vitamins except C. Some vitamins are soluble in...
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In past years, several laying hen flocks in Manitoba have had mortality due to Hemorrhagic Fatty Liver Syndrome (HFLS). In a hen with this condition, damage occurs due to the buildup and oxidation of fat in the liver. The hen dies suddenly from internal bleeding when a damaged blood vessel in the liver ruptures. Clotted blood is often found in the body cavity. HFLS should be suspected if many of the dead birds in a flock are overweight and have pale combs. The dead birds should be examined...
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Osteoporosis, cage layer fatigue and poor shell quality have a common cause, i.e., insufficient available calcium for the support of bone metabolism or egg shell deposition. Osteoporosis is a condition in which the structural components of bones become abnormally thin. Osteoporosis can result in excessive bone breakage when spent cage layer flocks are caught and processed. Hens with cage layer fatigue have trouble standing and typically crouch or lie at the back of the cage. Severely affected...
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