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Swine health
Pig diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, nutritional deficiencies, poisonous substances, internal and external parasites.
Bacterial diseases include swine erysipelas, swine dysentery, infectious poly-arthritis etc. Viral and mycoplasma diseases include African swine fever, swine influenza, enzootic pneumonia of pigs, vesicular exanthema of swine, transmissible gastroenteritis etc. Helminthiasis as a health problem in pigs is mainly caused by worms like the lungworm, ascaris worm etc. Nutritional diseases include piglet anemia, parakeratosis etc. External parasitic infections include mange, lice, jiggers etc.
How to tell that a pig is in bad health:
General signs: dullness, loss of appetite, labored or rapid breathing, sudden deaths, loss of weight, low weight gain and fever usually manifested by shivering of the pig.
Signs expressed on the skin: reddening of the skin or skin discoloration, loss of hair and hardening of some parts of the skin, itching and cracking of the skin.
Other signs: lameness, cough, abnormal nasal discharges, diarrhea with a putrid smell, abnormal content and color of feces and abortions.
Introduction The link between diet and disease transmission has raised concerns that U.S. herds could become infected with foreign pathogens through contaminated feed and feed ingredients originating from countries with endemic disease and lax sanitation and quality assurance procedures. Experimental data has already demonstrated that some feed ingredients, particularly soy-based products, can support the viability of at least three significant viral pathogens of swine (i.e.,...
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In the countries with the higher levels of pig production, piglets are weaned 14 to 28 days after being born (Marion et al., 2002). As a result, piglets are lighter and the digestive system is less developed during weaning, particularly the gut. This renders these animals more susceptible to digestive problems in the post-weaning period (Reis et al., 2007). Besides its digestive functions, the gut of piglets forms a physical barrier that prevents toxic compounds and pathogens from...
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Introduction: To evaluate the effects of removing antibiotics (AB) from the diet of 1st and 2nd stage weaner pigs on the performance of negative behaviours. Materials and Methods: Weaned pigs in a total of 12 groups of 35 pigs each, had in-feed AB removed (NO; n=6) or maintained in the diet (AB; n=6). Groups were observed 1 day/wk between 0900 and 1300h for 3x5min periods each and all occurrences of fights, head knocks, tail, flank and ear biting...
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Introduction: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus (PRRSv) has been reported to negatively modulate pig immune response, particularly the inhibition of interferon-g (IFN-g) and increasing the number of interleukin10 (IL-10) producing cells. Thus, one of the strategies in controlling the immune-modulation of PRRSv is to use immuno-enhancer for PRRS immune response. Sangrovit Extra ®, a plant extract from Macleaya cordata, mainly consists of isoquinoline...
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Introduction: According to Danish regulations gilts and sows must be housed in groups from weaning until 7 days before expected farrowing. Mixing sows both after weaning and after mating may/will impair reproduction results and increase prevalence of lameness. A Danish study shows that approximately 90 % of medical treatments in gestation are attributed to lameness. The aim of the current study was to reduce the frequency of gilts and sows being treated for lameness in the...
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Introduction: Research has documented that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce pain and pain related behaviors in piglets. The use of analgesics at the time of piglet processing increases the amount of piglet handling and injections as well as increases the labor for the producer. The ability to give an injection of an NSAID at the same time as an iron product (compounded) would help minimize animal handling and labor. The objective of this study was to...
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Lesaffre has completed the acquisition of dsm-firmenich’s yeast extract business
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Introduction: Castration procedure is a painful method which reduces welfare and could reduce performance. Some trials demonstrated that meloxicam prior castration procedure in piglets could reduce acute pain decreasing behaviors relates to a lack of welfare. Any study using infrared thermography (IT) was found to evaluate the inflammatory process after castration procedure in piglets. This study aimed to evaluate inflammatory process using IT associated with behavior and...
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Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of removing antibiotics (AB) from the diet of 1st and 2nd stage weaners on welfare indicators. Materials and Methods: The study involved a total of 12 pens of 35 pigs each where in-feed antibiotics were either removed (NO) or maintained in the diet (AB) during the 1st and 2nd weaner stages (9 weeks in total). Ten focal pigs were randomly selected from each group (AB, n = 60 and NO, n...
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Introduction Numerous reviews have been written to describe the specificities and advantages of the pig model in studies focusing on behavior, nutrition and neuroscience (Kornum and Knudsen, 2011, Roura et al., 2016, Val-Laillet, 2019). Besides the fact that the pig is an animal species of obvious interest in agriculture and human food production, it also has incomparable advantages when it comes to studying the consequences of the nutritional environments, diets or feed in...
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Marisol Castillo, PhD, Senior Manager, Global Swine Solutions at Novus International talks about The Scale Up™ program, nutritions solutions that maximize pounds of pork and each animal's genetic potential at every life stage.
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We have a small farm in Pa. USA and have had several instances in young pigs were the intestines have protruded from the rectum. What are the most likely causes and is there any thing that can be done to fix the problem once it happens short of slaughter? ...
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Oliver Stringer (Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London) discussed the advantages of this process when serotyping APP, during IPVS2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil....
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The Banff Pork Seminar (BPS) 2023 is open for business and delegates to the event Jan. 10 to 12 will find a new twist to an old format. The event will be back to in-person only, but in a revised approach, delegates will have an opportunity to view taped plenary and breakout presentations online on-demand afterwards.
"We always bring in top speakers and this is one way delegates can be sure they get every bit of information from these industry-leading presenters," says Ashley Steeple,...
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Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii continues being one of the main food safety hazards for pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. In this sense, the distribution of this protozoan within the organism and the role of the infective dose in tissue distribution are of highly interest to understand the risk associated to the parasite and to decipher the pathobiology of this infection. Materials and Methods: To carry out this study 11 Iberian pigs...
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Introduction: Florfenicol is a well recognized, broad spectrum antimicrobial with a high lipophilicity resulting in fast, significant serum concentrations and very good tissue distribution. Oral administration leads to an almost complete absorption of the molecule. Amphen® 200 mg/ g oral granules is a patented formulation containing 200 mg/ g florfenicol for use in drinking water of pigs. In this study, the florfenicol susceptibility of EU field isolates of 3 major swine...
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Lesaffre has completed the acquisition of dsm-firmenich’s yeast extract business
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Introduction: Brazil has emerged as a leading global exporter of pork, occupying the fourth position. In this regard, the high amount of antimicrobial agents used in intensive systems of animal production has been pointed as a factor of selection and persistence of resistant bacteria. Thus, the aim of this study was evaluated the presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases-producing (ESBL) gram-negative bacteria in swine Brazilian farms. Materials and...
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Introduction: Since 2001 GD Animal Health in the Netherlands runs a monitoring system on pig health. One pillar of this system is the recording of all telephonic questions concerning health issues. Since 2013 lameness turned out to be the main subject of these questions. A detailed telephonic survey in 2014 revealed that most of the questions on lameness concerned finisher pigs between 3 and 5 months of age. The symptoms reported were acute lameness in more than one leg and...
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Introduction: Traditionally, bacteriological diagnostics are based upon colony-morphology and biotyping. During the later years, MALDI-TOF-identification has broadened the spectrum of bacteria that can be identified in laboratory submissions. Four case-stories on potentially important pathogens are presented. Materials and Methods: Case 1: Massive problems with arthritis around weaning. 4 piglets were examined. Deeply cut teeth and swollen joints with...
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Introduction: S. suis is recognised as major swine pathogen associated with the intensification of the swine industry worldwide. Until now limited number of effective vaccines are available. Therefore antimicrobial treatment is considered as one of the most effective approach for the control of streptococcal meningitis and polyarthritis. Beta-lactam antibiotics and especially amoxicillin is considered as drug of first choice based on several criteria such as the PK/PD...
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