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Mycotoxins
Welcome to the page about Mycotoxins of Engormix; a source of knowledge on Mycotoxins.
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You may not have heard of the fungus Aspergillus, but the farmers who produce your food are certainly aware of it. Aflatoxin is a toxic, carcinogenic compound produced by some Aspergillus species and found in several agricultural commodities, such as corn, cotton seeds, and nuts. It can also be found in soil, decaying...
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Wheat—the most widely cultivated crop in the world—is under growing attack from harmful toxins. Across Europe, almost half of wheat crops are impacted by the fungal infection that gives rise to these toxins, according to a study led by fungal biologist Dr. Neil Brown from the U.K.'s University of Bath,...
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1. Introduction Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a naturally occurring mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus and Penicillium species that can be found as a contaminant of poultry feeds. OTA contamination can occur from cool temperate to tropical regions (Northern and Southern America, Northern and Western Europe, Africa and South Asia) [1]. Dietary contamination by OTA also poses a big risk for animal health and is a food safety concern due to the transfer of this...
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1. Introduction Fumonisin mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by several Fusarium species such as F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum. These mycotoxins are causing a major concern in the United States and global agriculture (Kamle et al., 2019). Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most abundant naturally predominating form of the fumonisins in foods, mainly maize and maize-based products. It is also the most toxicologically important among all other fumonisins and has...
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1. Introduction The last two decades have witnessed a rapid global re-emergence of Fusarium, an important genus of cereal pathogens [1–3], due to climate change [4], edaphic and agro-technical factors [5–7]. These molds have garnered attention from researchers, scholars and legislators because of their deleterious impact in agriculture, trade, health and animal sciences. The most commonly found in temperate areas are F. graminearum and F. moniliforme,...
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It has been a remarkable year in the industry with many events returning to full normalcy, after COVID restrictions, as well as breakthroughs in research. On Engormix, the conversation never stopped and you can find here some of the content (videos, articles, forums) that caught the attention of our members.
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INTRODUCTION Aflatoxin Testing in Changing Times: The Context at a Glance As toxic contaminants of very high concern, aflatoxins stand out as a key area of focus in today’s food safety testing arena. The issues surrounding the rising importance of accurate, defensible aflatoxin test results are numerous and complex. Chief among them are a growing public awareness of the health and economic implications of foodborne toxins, the increasing...
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For the first time it is possible to achieve what the scientific community for a long time theorized as the best method to correctly assess the true exposure of animals to mycotoxins, by detecting them and...
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1. Introduction Mycotoxins are among the most important food safety hazards, based on their presence in agricultural commodities and their potential health impacts (Gruber-Dorninger, Jenkins, & Schatzmayr, 2019; Miraglia, De Santis, & Brera, 2008). A recent study confirms the (earlier) FAO estimate of 25% of mycotoxin occurrence being above European Commission and/or Codex threshold limits, while the prevalence of detectable mycotoxins is up to 60%–80% in all food...
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Fusarium toxins are one of the most common contaminants in poultry diets. Co-occurrence of fumonisins (FUM) and deoxynivalenol (DON), even at a subclinical dose, negatively affects the production performance and intestinal integrity in broiler chickens. Loss of gut integrity can be expected to alter the intestinal microbiota composition. This study evaluated the effects of subclinical doses of combined mycotoxins on the cecal microbiota composition and diversity in broiler chickens. Broiler...
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1. INTRODUCTION Global programs are involved in addressing food and nutrition in the developing countries (WHO 2018). Improving nutrition is undoubtedly a challenging interdisciplinary proposition that involves availability and consumption of nutritious food. Covid-19 pandemic has further exposed the vulnerability of food systems in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Green revolution was one milestone towards achieving food security when high yielding crop...
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Revathi Shanmugasundaram (USDA) talks about the negative effects of these mycotoxins on production performance and intestinal integrity in broilers, during the Symposium on Gut Health in St. Louis, USA....
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VICAM's Afla-V ONE introduces a NEW approach to aflatoxin detection and management for animal feed and pet food producers worldwide. Obtain fast, actionable results in just minutes, while improving safety and sustainability in the testing and manufacturing environment. Explore the future of aflatoxin detection, today.
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Afla-V ONE is the world's FIRST lateral flow strip test capable of measuring total aflatoxins in mixed feeds and pet foods using a universal, barcode based calibration. Once calibrated, the Vertu TOUCH reader stores calibration details for future sample analysis, eliminating common bottlenecks such as excessive pipetting, rinsing and waiting!...
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Aflatoxins (AFs) are a group of small molecular weight fungal toxins that threaten world food safety by contaminating ~25% of the world’s crops. AFs are considered to be an unavoidable contaminant in human food and animal feed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Among AFs, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent carcinogen present in nature and is produced mainly by the ubiquitous soil filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus. AFs are acutely toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic,...
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1. Introduction Mycelial size is widely regarded as the “golden standard” for mold growth studies [1], regardless of if they are based on radius, diameter, perimeter, or area. However, this approach has some drawbacks: (1) molds do not stop growing if conditions allow; (2) the size does not tell much about the metabolism, especially in the field; (3) in closed systems, the growth in size is limited by the container and the mold takes its shape; (4) the growth in size...
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Introduction Mycotoxins represent a significant health challenge to animals and humans, too, as they may be digested with infected cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, rice, and maize (Pestka 2010). Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most abundant and economically most important mycotoxins. This trichothecene structured toxin is mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum and culmorum. The appearance of these Fusarium species is on the rise due to global warming. Numerous studies...
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The presence of toxic chemicals in food, particularly in products intended for children’s consumption, is a matter of great concern to consumers and international health authorities 1 . According to the RASFF annual reports of the European Commission, around 45% of the informative notifications issued in recent years were related to the presence of chemical substances such as pesticides, biotoxins, veterinary drugs, food additives, etc. 2 . Among them, mycotoxins...
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1. Introduction Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi in crops or during storage, transport and processing of food and feed commodities, which pose serious health risks for both humans and animals [1]. The trend of mycotoxin contamination in food and feed has reached alarming levels. According to a report of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 25% of global agricultural products are contaminated by mycotoxins each...
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