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Dairy reproduction and genetics
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Introduction In dairy farming like every other business, profit is the difference between expenses and revenue. The simplicity of this statement hides two problems. First, expenses occur before revenue is realized. Second, it is almost always easier to estimate expenses than it is to predict revenue. Unfortunately, it is necessary to spend money to make money. It is not a goal to maximize expenses, but neither is it a goal to minimize expenses....
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Is there any correlation between milk yield and reproduction? Does high milk quantity reduce reproduction parameters such as longer service period, lower pregnancy rates and higher insemination figures and embryonic losses? ...
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Dear Seniors
please help me to set of breeding goal at my farm wirth late lactation cross bred cows ...
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Dear Users, This is an interesting forum from our Spanish community, generated by Gonzalo Carmona Solano a consulter in Bovine Reproduction from Costa Rica How do fatty acids affect the fertility of cows?? I would like that based on the information outlined below we can start a debate on the effect of Fatty Acids on Reproduction. It will be an alarming extent?? Are we getting a clearer picture now? Fatty acids, omega 3: ...
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Hello,
have a look to these wonderful births in little farm :
Video quintuplets :
http://www.lamastre.net/2009/11/29/des-quintuples-a-empurany/
have you see more than this,
Youre welcome in green Ardèche.
LaLogne ...
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Summary In many countries the milk production per cow has more than doubled in the last 40 years (OLTENACU, 2007). The increase in production has been accompanied by increasing incidence of health problems, declining ability to reproduce and declining the fertility of modern dairy cows. High producing dairy cows need to mobilize body reserves to be able to sustain their milk production. In...
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Gene expression patterns in brain areas associated with heat scores
Intensive selection for high milk yield in dairy cows has raised production levels substantially but at the cost of reduced fertility. This problem manifests itself in different ways, including reduced expression of oestrous behaviour. To identify the genes responsible for the regulation of oestrous behaviour, the Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre (ABGC) at Lelystad conducted an...
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The number of tools to develop a productive and profitable dairy herd that is genetically superior continues to grow. All of the old methods, such as crossbreeding or selection, are still available and new information is coming from biotechnology. The latest aid comes from the new science of genomics. Genomics is the mapping and sequencing of genetic material in the DNA of a particular organism. As genomics becomes more sophisticated, it may actually identify genes and...
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Sound the alarm. "One if by land and two if by sea" stated Henry Wadsworth Longfellow in his poem "The Midnight ride of Paul Revere". The redcoats are coming. The redcoats are coming. Today, the SNPs are coming. SNPs (pronounced snips) are actually already here. A SNP is a single nucleotide polymorphism. Translating, a SNP is a small change in DNA, the genetic material of life. The technology is now available to process large amounts of DNA and detect how individuals vary. The challenge that...
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With the August 2009 sire summaries, International Protein Sires (IPS) proven sire lineup realized superb gains. "Our new releases are formidable breed leaders. And bulls in our former battery realized significant advancements," stated Ron Sersland, President and CEO.
New offerings include, No-Fla Loiss LEDGEND with +1770 GTPI. Classified Excellent, Legend is a solid type bull across the board, including a +2.39 foot and leg composite...
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We have received some questions about the appropriate weight to breed crossbred heifers. At Virginia Tech, we have used 650 lbs as the minimum body weight to breed HJ or JH heifer, while limits of 550 and 750 lbs are used for Jersey and Holstein heifers.
The purebred limits work well, and the 650 lb limit is successful for the HJ and JH animals. Our HJ and JH crosses have been bred to Brown Swiss and Swedish Red bulls for the past three years. We have established a 750 lb minimum for...
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Reproductive Performance (RP) in dairy herds continues to be a major issue. While experts suggest that herds should strive for a pregnancy rate of greater than 20%, Virginia's average for DHIA herds is currently 14.1%, indicating potential for improvement.
Unfortunately, improving reproduction is rarely as simple as improving one thing - usually a variety of factors need attention in order to improve RP. At its simplest, improving the RP of a dairy requires the timely administration...
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Pedometry offers the opportunity for medium- to large-sized dairy herds to improve heat detection and, at the same time, reduce dependence upon labour. A pedometer is a motion-detecting and -recording device, one of several precision dairy management tools that are providing opportunities to save labour, and improve individual cow care and management through the use of technology.
Heat Detection
Heat detection...
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The main objective of a reproductive program in a dairy herd should be to maximize pregnancy rate (PR) to first service. Pregnancy rate is the product of the heat detection and conception rates of the herd (PR = HDR x CR). Pregnancy rate represents the proportion of cows that become pregnant each estrous cycle, and determines the number of days cows are open after the voluntary waiting period. As the PR increases from a higher HDR, greater CR or both, days open decreases (Figure 1). Ferguson...
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Following the January 2009 sire summaries, International Protein Sires (IPS) advanced their proven sire lineup through exceptional additions. Ron Sersland, President and CEO stated, "We also bolstered our proven sire offering by utilizing the advanced gene mapping technique with the release of our first genomic tested bull."
The validation of an animal-breeding program is how well the genetics stand the test of time. IPS has a number of bulls...
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The University of Minnesota began crossbreeding some of its Holstein heifers and cows to Jersey A.I. bulls at the St. Paul and Morris dairies more than 7 years ago. We were the first university to begin crossbreeding in the 2000s, but others have followed. In 2002, we began breeding some Holstein cows at St. Paul and Morris, as well as all of our Jersey-Holstein crossbreds, to Montbeliarde A.I. bulls. For all three breeds, highest bulls for breed index (Net Merit or the French equivalent)...
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INTERNATIONAL PROTEIN SIRES , a worldwide supplier of Holstein and Jersey Genetics, will be exhibiting at the 2009 World Ag Expo in Tulare, California U.S.A. on February 10-12, 2009. "World Ag Expo is the largest annual agricultural exposition, with 2.6 million square feet of exhibit space, over 1,600 exhibitors and an estimated 100,000 attendees", according to the International Agri-Center...
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In her doctoral thesis, Research Scientist Sirja Viitala of MTT Agrifood Research Finland demonstrated the impact of two candidate genes on the protein and fat content of milk and on the overall milk yield from dairy cows. The work also involved devising a method for identifying genetic polymorphisms in a sample extracted from a bovine embryo. Genetic mapping of cattle aims to identify genetic forms that are linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) which are important for breeding...
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As more dairies adopt programs to synchronize ovulation, the more that’s learned about improving reproductive performance. OvSynch, the original ovulation synchronization program, is used blindly on cows, without knowledge of their day in the estrous cycle. Typically, conception rates (CRs) for this program are similar to those obtained from standing heats. Ovulation to the first gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) injection is important to the overall success of the...
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Experiments have shown human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to be more effective than GnRH as a means to induce ovulation of follicles. Dosages used, however, have differed greatly among experiments. A study was performed to determine the minimum effective dose of hCG needed to induce ovulation of ovarian follicles in dairy cows. Ovaries of Holstein cows were mapped by using transrectal ultrasonography 7 days before a bi-weekly pregnancy diagnosis. Cows were assigned randomly to treatments of...
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