Mike Persia (Virginia Tech) talks about the benefits of Direct-Fed Microbials (also Sulfur Amino Acid supplementation) to help manage the adverse effects of heat stress, in this interview during IPPE 2023 in Atlanta, USA.
Birds try to loose heat by panting. Extreme panting results in loss of CO2 and the electrolyte equilibrium is disturbed resulting in alkalosis which causes death. Bicarbonate ions help in restoring dietary electrolyte balance which is not possible with sodium chloride. Hence addition of sodium bicarbonate to feed will help to alleviate the heat stress
One thing is hot weather and the other is hot water. You are right on saying that birds adapts themselves to hot weather, But, there is no adaptation to hot water.
Mr. Entz, we need to consider hot weather and/or hot water. If we have hot weather and cold water, we need to preserve the water temperature based on putting the pipe line deep in the floor to maintain it cool from the origin. In this case, flushing the water helps.
However, if the water comes hot from the origin, flushing does not work. Still, new negative pressure chicken houses projects are not considering to add a cooling water system. It will come in the future! It represents almost nothing in a very expensive project.
And why is it still not available? Because we do not give the right attention to water temperature and its bad consequences in broiler production!
Mr. Entz! Research done by Beker and Teeter (1994) showed that the addition of 0.5% KCl in the water improved broiler performance when the water temperature was 10,0oC ou 26,7oC. When the water temperature was 43,3oC, the KCl addition did not have effect. That is based that tongue neuron sensors react to water temperatures above 25oC.
Regarding the use of sodium bicarbonate, it works, but the temperature of the water must be around 25 to 28ºC. Higher temperatures are detected by lingual thermosensors that restrict the water consumption, and the bicarbonate effect can be reduced.
Dear All! I like Dr. Ruiz's arguments very much. Restricting feeding, besides light control, is a very complicated issue once we depend on people to make the restriction, and it is impossible to see all farmers doing whatever should be done, based on the company´s recommendation. At the hottest period of the day, leave the chicken alone. This is a recommendation to broilers that are produced in conventional chicken houses. If the houses are negative pressure ventilated, the environment is ok, and no restriction should be recommended. Also, we need to be concerned with water temperature. In a hot environment, water can be hot, too. So, we need to be creative to reduce the water temperature, and that will help all bad consequences on a hot environment, regarding feed consumption. Once this is more complex to do, we start looking for solutions that impose cost to the production, but apparently it is easier to do.