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Swine health
Pig diseases can be caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, nutritional deficiencies, poisonous substances, internal and external parasites.
Bacterial diseases include swine erysipelas, swine dysentery, infectious poly-arthritis etc. Viral and mycoplasma diseases include African swine fever, swine influenza, enzootic pneumonia of pigs, vesicular exanthema of swine, transmissible gastroenteritis etc. Helminthiasis as a health problem in pigs is mainly caused by worms like the lungworm, ascaris worm etc. Nutritional diseases include piglet anemia, parakeratosis etc. External parasitic infections include mange, lice, jiggers etc.
How to tell that a pig is in bad health:
General signs: dullness, loss of appetite, labored or rapid breathing, sudden deaths, loss of weight, low weight gain and fever usually manifested by shivering of the pig.
Signs expressed on the skin: reddening of the skin or skin discoloration, loss of hair and hardening of some parts of the skin, itching and cracking of the skin.
Other signs: lameness, cough, abnormal nasal discharges, diarrhea with a putrid smell, abnormal content and color of feces and abortions.
The Allen D. Leman Swine Conference is an annual educational event for the global swine industry. It is internationally acclaimed for bringing science-driven solutions to the complex challenges facing the industry. Each year hundreds of participants from over 20 countries, including swine veterinarians and other professionals working in swine...
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Infection with Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus (PEDv) causes severe diarrhea, vomiting, enteritis and high mortality in young pigs and continues to be a serious problem for the swine industry. Contaminated feed can be a source of PEDv transmission, and it may be affected by feed storage time and chemical composition. Combinations of organic acids have been used to control pathogens such as Salmonella . However, there is no data measuring the effect of organic acids on PEDv...
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1. Introduction Salmonella is one of the most important bacterial zoonotic and coincident food-borne pathogens worldwide and therefore one of the main causes of food-borne diseases in humans, especially caused by the serovars Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium [1,2]. At European the level, no significant increase or decrease in the number of human salmonellosis cases has been observed over the last years (2013–2017) [2]. In 2017, the declining trend of human...
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1. Introduction Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important cause of foodborne illness in many countries of the world [1]. STEC infections often cause hemorrhagic colitis and subsequent hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS) [2,3]. E. coli O157:H7 was the first STEC serotype recognized to cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of these illnesses [4–6]. Subsequently, non-O157 STEC were recognized as important causes of hemorrhagic colitis and HUS [7]. In the...
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1. Introduction Streptococcus suis is considered one of the most important bacterial swine pathogens leading to important economic losses to the porcine industry worldwide. S. suis has been reported globally in both traditional and intensive swine operations [1]. Control is based on an alarming overuse of antimicrobials, leading to a dramatic increase of the risk related to antimicrobial resistance. It is also an agent of disease in humans and considered in most OECD...
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The effect of live yeast on recurrent colibacillosis in field condition (Czech Republic)
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1. Introduction Pre-weaning mortality (PWM) is a major economic and productivity challenge for the pig industry. Recent trends for piglets born alive per litter are increasing in the US, while piglets weaned per litter have stayed stable over the past five years [1]; hence, indicating an increasing PWM. PWM is typically greatest during the neonatal phase, or within the first few days after birth in a healthy herd. During this perilous time frame, mortalities may be attributed to...
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1. Introduction Astroviruses are emerging viruses in the family Astroviridae, which is divided into two genera: Avastrovirus andMamastrovirus[1]. Astroviruses are non-enveloped, 28–30 nm positive-sense, single stranded RNA viruses [2] that can cause disease and be detected in the feces from a wide variety of mammals and birds [3–9]. Porcine astroviruses (PoAstVs) are genetically diverse and are distributed worldwide [10] with five genetic lineages...
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Mycotoxins semiannual survey of mycotoxin in feed in 2023 Taiwan - Second Half
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1. Swine Melioidosis Melioidosis, an infection endemic to Southeast Asia, northern Australia, and other tropical areas, is caused by the soil-dwelling Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is known to contaminate water sources [1]. The infections are cyclic and correlate with rainy seasons, which may be due to environmental disruptions such as flooding. While creating a major health concern for humans, B. pseudomallei is also a threat to various animals...
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Robert Gauthier (WVEPAH) talked about regulations and pork production as well, during IPPE 2020 in Atlanta, USA....
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INTRODUCTION Serious public health and economic issues are related to foodborne pathogens. Many discussions have been raised on the impact of these micro-organisms of food safety in the last decade, among them the role of Salmonella in pork is of major interest (Henao et al ., 2010). Despite technological advances, Salmonella is still an important issue to the pork industry worldwide. Out of the estimated 80.3 million cases of foodborne...
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Introduction Historically, the impact of foreign animal diseases (FADs) on global livestock production and economics has been devastating [1]. In 1997, Taiwan and the Netherlands experienced outbreaks of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Classical Swine Fever (CSF), respectively [2, 3]. In Taiwan, the estimated cost of the FMD outbreak was $379 million, due to the slaughter of over 4 million pigs, approximately 40% of the country’s pig population at the time [2, 4]. In...
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Introduction The pig industry has advanced in the development of precocious genetic lines with better production traits and the weaning of piglets at younger ages (7 - 21 days) (Touchette et al., 2002; Gómez, 2006). As a result, piglets are lighter at weaning and have a less developed digestive system, which makes them more susceptible to digestive problems (Reis et al., 2007a). Early weaning results in a short period of fasting right after weaning, and the...
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ASF ASF is the most deadly pig virus. ASF is also the most costly virus There is no vaccine for ASF. If you get ASF the following will happening 1. quarantine zone will be made from the government, which mean no transport of pigs/ feed and other goods for pigs/ limitation in farm workers moving around 2. All the pigs will be killed and either burnt or buried. 3. The farm will be washed down, this is not a simple job, in some ( or most likely ) the crates have to be moved and plugs be taken...
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Production capacity was restored in the first quarter of the year 2019, and supply was relaxed. At the meantime, as commonly used APIs of veterinary medicines in pig, Tylosin Tartrate, Tilmicosin and Tiamulin, affected by the declining market demand due to significantly reduced pig breeding stock, their market prices started going downward, all the way to a lower level, over the whole year.
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The effect of live yeast on recurrent colibacillosis in field condition (Czech Republic)
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Over the past decade, Salmonella enterica serotype I 4,[5],12:i:- has emerged as a major public health threat in Europe (1) and the United States (2). As a monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- was rarely identified before the mid-1990s (3). However, it has now been detected in cattle (4), poultry (5), and swine (4–6), and several human disease outbreaks associated with contaminated pork products have occurred (7–10). Salmonellosis is also...
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Katie Lynn Summers (USDA) talked about the interactions between bacteria and fungi in the gut microbiome, during the 8th Symposium on Gut Health in Production of Food Animals in St. Louis, USA....
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Mycotoxins semiannual survey of mycotoxin in feed in 2023 Taiwan - Second Half
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Introduction & objective: Post-weaning Escherichia coli diarrhea (PWD), also called post-weaning enteric colibacillosis, in pigs remains a major cause of economic losses for the pig industry, due to either piglet death, or poor weight gain in surviving piglets [1,2]. PWD typically causes mild to severe watery diarrhea between 5 and 10 days after weaning and is primarily caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). The most common adhesins found on ETEC from PWD in pigs are...
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