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Aflatoxins
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Introduction Many feed ingredients used in aquaculture have been found to be frequently contaminated (Cagauan et al., 2004) . At the present time, increased use of ingredients of plant origin in aquafeed formulations for fish culture has intensified the potential onset for aflatoxicosis in farming systems due to the carryover of high loads of aflatoxin contamination by vegetable sources (Murjani,...
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This study investigates elimination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) by treatment with recombinant enzyme preparations. Biological degradation of AFB1: Recombinant 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase (2,3-DHBD) and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DHD) enzymes were produced through extracellular expression of respectively the bphC1 and bphB genes of R. erythropolis in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The recombinant 2,3-DHBD enzyme exhibited an enzyme...
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As quality assurance personnel in an Animal production firm, especially in the areas of feed production, checking the aflatoxin levels of ingredients and finished feeds is of paramount importance towards the production of safe and quality feeds for animals..Please any information/help as regards this issue and the procurement of such devices will be appreciated. ...
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I would like to ask about aflatoxin in beet pulp silage. What is the maximum limit? If I found a high level, is mycosorb safe? Thanks a lot ...
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Aflatoxins are a group of chemicals produced by certain mold fungi. These fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus , can be recognized by olive green or graygreen, respectively, on corn kernels, in the field or in storage (Figure 1). Although aflatoxins are not automatically produced whenever grain becomes moldy, the risk of aflatoxin contamination is greater in damaged, moldy corn than in corn with little mold. Aflatoxins are harmful or fatal to...
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Aflatoxins and ochratoxins are common contaminants of cereals and cereal – based products. A national survey for aflatoxins and ochratoxins in commercially available cereal based infant formulae was carried out in Nigeria. Seventy eight (78) samples of cereal based infant formulae were purchased from markets all over the country. The samples were extracted with (methanol: water 60+40) and cleaned up with Romer multisep column while detection was with liquid chromatograph using...
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Trouw Nutrition proudly announces the approval of Novasil TM Plus-TX as certified aflatoxin binder within the state of Texas. Novasil TM Plus-TX has a high ability to bind aflatoxins, preventing the harmful effects on animal performance. In an effort to provide relief to farmers in Texas, the Office of the Texas State Chemist provided an avenue for well researched aflatoxin binders to become certified for sale in Texas. In order...
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Mycotoxins, toxic metabolic by-products of fungi, have received increased attention during the past decade. In recent years, aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 (a group of closely-related mycotoxins produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus Link ex. Fries.) have been given considerable attention in corn. Although aflatoxins have been reported in corn produced in the Midwest, they have been more commonly found in corn produced in the southeast. Aflatoxins were particularly troublesome in...
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INTRODUCTION Aflatoxins are fungal secondary metabolites produced by certain Aspergillus species, among which aflatoxin B1 is the most harmful, as well as the most potent of the naturally occurring mycotoxins. Aflatoxins are highly toxic to humans and animals, like broilers (JONES & al 1982) and turkeys (RAUBER & al. 2007). They cause a variety of effects, including poor performance, liver pathology,...
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Abstract Mycotoxins are toxic products formed by filamentous fungi. They pose a problem in food if the food has been infected with a fungus which then produced its toxic product. As the infection can occur at many points in the food production chain, e.g., in the field or in storage, then it is very difficult to decide if a processed food product is contaminated and if it is, where the contamination arose...
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This study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1) on mono-sex Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings and attempting to detoxify these drastic effects by using some dietary supplements. Therefore, half percent of each of these supplements agents (namely, Bio-Buds-2x, chamomile flowers, aspirin and ginger) were added to aflatoxic (100 ppb aflatoxin B 1 ) diet for fingerlings. These diets were offered 6 days a week at 3% daily of actual...
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Researchers of agriculture sector of our country reached the technology of reducing Aflatoxin level of pistachio using Ozone. "Pistachio is the most important export commodity after oil for Iran and Aflatoxin is the most important issue for exports of this commodity," said the deputy of the minister of agriculture and the head of the organization of AREEO (Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization), the largest responsible...
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VICAM’s AflaCheck™ Strip Test and AflaTest® Single Filter aflatoxin test methods receive USDA-GIPSA Certification for use by Official Grain Inspection System. VICAM, a world leader in food safety diagnostics, today announced that USDA-GIPSA has awarded certification to two of their rapid diagnostic methods for aflatoxin detection: AflaCheck™ and AflaTest® Single Filter methods. AflaCheck™ utilizes a lateral flow strip test design for the rapid screening of aflatoxin at 20 parts...
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European food industry must continue its crack down on food safety as the European Commission identifies six food alerts in just seven days. Aflatoxins, mycotoxins and salmonella dogged European food supplies last week, according to data from Europe's Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF). RASFF, a Europe-wide tool to minimise risk to the food chain, reported five food alert notifications from member states last week. Alert notifications, sent by member states to the...
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Aflatoxins are toxic by-products produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The Aspergillus fungus can germinate and grow on feed grains at moisture levels of 15 % or greater in the presence of warm (70 to 100° F) temperatures. Aflatoxin production by the fungus is optimal at moisture levels greater than 17.5 % and temperatures of 77 to 92° F. The toxin can infect a variety of grains but most often occurs in corn. Infection can occur while grain is standing in the...
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Harvest is often the most stressful time for farmers, elevators and processors simply because of the volume of grain passing through their facilities. When mycotoxins are a concern, testing is needed prior to shipment or prior to usage for feed or food. VICAM recently introduced a product that is uniquely designed for rapid, low cost aflatoxin screening for any location that is interested in preventing the introduction of grain or peanuts with aflatoxin levels greater than 10 or 20ppb....
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This work was conduced to determine the performance parameters of initial-phase turkey poults fed 7 different doses of aflatoxins in the diet. Three hundred thirty-six 1-d-old male turkey poults were used in this research. Turkeys were divided into 7 treatments according to aflatoxin doses (T1 = control; T2 = 20 ppb aflatoxins; T3 = 50 ppb; T4 = 100 ppb; T5 = 200 ppb; T6 = 500 ppb; T7 = 1,000 ppb). Birds were killed in 2 periods: half of them after 21 d of experiment and the remaining birds...
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The effects of chronic oral exposure (28 days) to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) were studied in weaned piglets. Six experimental groups, each comprising two neutered males and two females, were fed ad libitum with rations containing: (A) 0 mg of FB1 and 0 mg of AFB1/kg of feed (control); (B) 10 mg of FB1/kg of feed; (C) 30 mg of FB1/kg of feed; (D) 50 mg of AFB1/kg of feed; (E) 10 mg of FB1 plus 50 mg of AFB1/kg of feed; (F) 30 mg of FB1 plus 50 mg of AFB1/kg of feed. The...
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National Corn Growers Association (NCGA) officials and others met with representatives from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service (ARS) yesterday in Washington, D.C., to seek an increase in funding and research to eliminate aflatoxin. NCGA Mycotoxin Committee Chairman Scott Averhoff and Texas Corn Producers Board Executive Director David Gibson were joined by representatives from the National Cotton Council of America, National Peanut Board, and Almond Board...
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The Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship started screening milk for aflatoxin on Nov. 1. In a memo to dairy producers in northwest and southwest Iowa, ag secretary Bill Northey said that severe weather and drought in their areas have raised concerns about the possibility of aflatoxin in corn. "Of particular concern is the corn and silage that is fed to dairy cows due to the possibility that the aflatoxin will pass through the cows and go into milk," ...
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