Rajeev Jha

IntroductionEarly fish development is the most important thing that should be known before producing any seeds, especially in the new cultured species or strain. Generally, early development is divided into egg, larvae and juvenile, whereas mostly fish embryos develop from transparent eggs [1] . According to Kendall et al. [2], the egg stage is divided into early, middle and late subdivisions, whi ...

IntroductionAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) reported as deadly for pigs. It is listed as a “notifiable disease” by the OIE due to high illness rates and a high mortality rate, up to 100%, and substantial financial losses [1-3]. Further spread of ASF to China has had disastrous consequences, especially instead of the fact that China contains more than half of the world’s pig popu ...

IntroductionThe African swine fever (ASF) virus (ASFV) is deadly to pigs but harmless to humans [1]. ASF is one of the most severe viral diseases affecting pigs worldwide [2-5]. It is considered a “notifiable disease” by the Office International des Epizooties (International Office of Epizootics [OIE] of the World Health Organization because of its high mortality rate of up to 100% [6- ...

INTRODUCTIONThe acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) has affected shrimp farming in several countries, like, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, Mexico and in Philipines.1-6 The unique symptoms and characteristics of this disease consisting of massive sloughing of hepatopancreas epithelial cells.  The external symptoms in infected shrimp like, empty stomach, bluish body color and shrunken ...