Fang Chi

Introduction Antibiotics, since their discovery in the 1920s, have played a critical role in contributing to the economic effectiveness of animal production as feed supplements at sub-therapeutic doses, to improve growth and feed conversion efficiency, and to prevent infections [1]. In-feed antibiotics (IFAs) are a common and well-established practice in the animal industry that has contributed t ...

INTRODUCTIONZearalenone (ZEA) is produced by Fusarium fungi growing on grains worldwide and is mostly found in its derived products. Concentrations depend on climatic conditions, as well as on the conditions of feed storage and production (Rotter et al., 1996; Voss et al., 2007). With a similar structure to estrogen, zearalenone has been demonstrated to affect swine reproduction (Etienne and Jemma ...

INTRODUCTIONIt has been previously reported that severe contamination of grain and feed with zearalenone (ZEA) occurs in numerous areas of the world (Chaytor et al., 2011). The laggard harvest conditions of grain and the processing of edible oil significantly aggravated the contamination by fusarium in China, and the contamination levels of mycotoxins such as ZEA were much higher than those in oth ...

Introduction The incidence of zearalenone (ZEA) contamination in animal feeds is increasing in many countries. Therefore, understanding the biological effects of ZEA in addition to its estrogenic effects in pigs becomes important for hog producers. Material and Methods Two experiments (EXP) were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ZEA in pigs and the potential of ameliorating those ...

Introduction Previous research has shown that dietary ZEA may reduce nutrient digestibility and increase oxidative stress in pigs; and that the use of Calibrin-Z (CAZ), thermally processed clay, can prevent the negative effects of ZEA. However, it is unknown what CAZ will do if pigs are already intoxicated with ZEA. Therefore, the objective of the present study was designed to answer: 1) can ZEA ...

Introduction Laying hens are highly sensitive to aflatoxin toxicity.  When fed aflatoxin contaminated feed there may be reduced egg production, egg weight, serum protein, serum albumin, and an increase in target organ weight, such as the liver and kidneys. In Southeast Asia where Aflatoxin is commonly found, producers regularly use mycotoxin binders in animal feed to prevent aflatoxicosis. Ma ...

The presence of zearalenone in feed is unavoidable and zearalenone toxicosis is hard to treat. The most practical way to treat zearalenone toxicosis is to use an enterosorbent to prevent the initial dietary absorption by the gut and subsequent conjugated zearalenone compounds from being reabsorbed via enterohepatic circulation. Due to its rapid absorption in the small intestine, the inactivat ...

The dairy cow's immune system and clinical health respond to constantly changing stresses and disease challenges. The stresses and disease challenges include parturition, weather, disease, farm management, quality of feeds, feed ingredients and forage, etc. When the stress and disease challenge level is above the threshold that a cow can handle, clinical symptoms will occur. However, if stress and ...