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Dairy cattle metabolic diseases
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Sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA), also known as chronic or sub-clinical acidosis, is a well-recognized digestive disorder that is an increasing health problem in most dairy herds. Results from field studies indicate a high prevalence of SARA in high-producing dairy herds as producers respond to the demands for increased milk production with higher grain, lower fibre diets that maximize energy intake during early lactation. Dairy herds experiencing SARA will have a decreased efficiency of milk...
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Many of the ca. 14 million head of cattle in South Africa may be classified as high-producing animals. To people involved with these intensively-fed ruminants the concept of acidosis is not new – most have heard about the menace, some have experienced problems ascribed to it and others have lost animals due to it. However, as a scientist involved in the study of acidosis I have found it to be somewhat “elusive”. Upon enquiry at a feedlot or dairy farm the answer would often be “I know...
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We have travelled a long journey from backyard dairy farming to a more systematic and organized dairy farming. An array of changes starting from improved genetic potential to better milk production and advanced management practices have made our country a stand out in the global dairy map. The famous Martin Luther King Jr. quote “All progress is precarious, and the solution of one problem brings us face to face with...
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Productivity and longevity of dairy cows are greatly influenced by proper nutrition programs. Human-animal interaction in larger dairies is limited, and ailments detection relies heavily on employees. Metabolic disorders and their complications such as hypocalcaemia, fatty liver, ketosis, displaced abomasum, acidosis, and laminitis may result from dietary inadequacies. Early veterinary attention increases treatment effectiveness and reduces overall costs....
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Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate hematological, biochemical and ruminant parameters for diagnosis and treatment of the left displaced abomasum (LDA) in dairy cows, in the Plateau Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Ruminant fluid, blood and urine samples were collected from 20 cows suffering LDA and from 20 healthy cows (control). The cows with LDA showed lower values of daily milk production, body weight and corporal...
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Introduction The multitude of disorders that dairy cows face during the transition to lactation is a perennial source of concern for dairy producers, nutritionists, and veterinarians. Total disease incidence in the several weeks after parturition accounts for a substantial proportion of all morbidity on many dairies (Ingvartsen, 2006), with particularly high rates of mastitis, metritis, milk fever, displaced abomasum, ketosis, and...
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One of the most prevalent metabolic diseases among dairy cows is subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). Unfortunately it is also one of the more difficult to diagnose and prevent. The economic consequences of SARA are mind boggling. It has been estimated that the North American dairy industry loses between $500 million and $1 billion annually to SARA with a cost per affected cow of $1.40/day. SARA The pH (acidity) of rumen fluid is...
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A nutraceutical is defined as a product isolated or purified from feeds that is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease. Indeed selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient in that selenium deficiency is associated with increased incidences of retained fetal membranes, clinical mastitis, calf mortality and increased milk somatic cell counts (SCC). Selenium supplementation in Se-deficient diets reduces the incidence of these clinical...
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Ruminal acidosis is a fairly well known digestive disorder (Owens et al., 1998). Acute acidosis occurs when a ruminant animal ingests quickly a large quantity of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates. As a consequence, the rumen pH decreases below 5.0 and lactic acid accumulates in the rumen fluid and in the blood. Death is a common outcome. Before this dramatic event, there is subclinical acidosis (5.5 ...
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INTRODUCTION
Insufficient supply of protein to dairy cows intestines
for digestion and absorption is one of the major problems
for dairy production under tropical conditions (Leng,
1982b). To meet the protein demands of lactating cows, the
flow of microbial protein should be maximized prior to
supplementing the bypass protein. Efficiency of substrate
utilization by rumen microbes involves a strong interaction
between the carbohydrate and protein fractions in the diet...
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