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Uterine Prolapse in Poultry

Published: September 8, 2017
By: Khaled Fadlallah Mohammed / Veterinary Doctor, Cairo, Egypt.
The uterine prolapse is one of the problems facing egg-producing poultry growers, whether it is eggs for hatchery or for human consumption.
In the normal situation and when laying eggs, part of the oviduct is taken out for a few moments and then return to the normal state. However, sometimes after ovulation, a reversal of that part, especially the last part of the uterus and vagina, can not return to the normal state. Which causes what is known as uterine prolapse and in severe cases accompanied by the sudden exit of part of the intestine. This condition is most common in young hens that have started laying too soon but can be inherited in some breeds. Other birds in the flock will often peck at the prolapse since hens are attracted to the red flesh. This will quickly kill the hen so a hen with a prolapse must be isolated quickly.

Causes of uterine prolapse
Non - compliance with the feeding of birds during the rearing period and provision of feed is not compatible with the needs of the breed.
Follow the incorrect lighting programs during the  rearing period, especially for the herds, which are raised in the open houses and exposed during this period to increasing day light
Early egg laying especially in open houses.
Increased number of large eggs or double yolk eggs.
Overweight or underweight birds.
In-correct debeaking at the beginning of birds life which leads to incorrect body development.
Non-compliance with the quantities of feed scheduled and the uneven distribution of feed leads to exposure of some birds to increased deposition of fat.
Egg peritonitis, poor diet, oviduct infections, and obesity all of them are predisposing factors to uterine prolapse.
 
How to avoid uterine prolapse
We should know that the cases of uterine prolapse in birds have no treatment and treatment procedures that can be done with high-priced birds such as florists are only procedures carried out on an individual level and not suitable for application at the level of commercial production herds.
Therefore, the procedure followed with cases of uterine prolapse in birds is to follow preventive measures to avoid the occurrence of this phenomenon and when these cases appear must be isolated and disposed of.
To prevent the occurrence of these conditions, follow the following:
1-Keep away from breeds that have the potential to occur this phenomenon.
2-Flock grading must be applied three times during rearing period and exclusion of small individuals adhering to the nutritional specifications of feed for each breed.
3-Adhering to the nutritional specifications of feed for each breed.
4-Do not expose the herd to intestinal infections or parasitic infections.
5-Homogeneous distribution of feed.
6-The speed of feed distribution helps to homogenize feed consumption and this prevents the increase of fat deposition in some birds.
7-Regular weekly increase in body weight during the rearing  period
8-Avoid sudden increase in body weight during egg production.
9-Commitment to apply the lighting program with special accuracy in the open houses.
10-Avoid sudden increase in light intensity, especially during egg production.
11-Ensure that egg nests are enough.
12-Apply debeaking correctly.
Related topics:
Authors:
Khaled Fadlallah
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Khaled Fadlallah
25 de octubre de 2017

Hi Dr.Amfmh Amfmh
All breeds have the potential for uterine prolapse, but management can decrease or increase the cases.
With good management, uterine prolapse will decrease.
With bad management, uterine prolapse will increase.

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Dr Charles Ibe
13 de septiembre de 2017
I have experienced high level of uterine prolapse under high light intensity at the onset of lay
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Mohammad Wisal
13 de julio de 2020

Yes, it is a big issue in both types of birds: Breeders and Layers. So many reasons discussed and I fully agreed with that one thing in layers flock 4-6 wks body weights target achiveing is important and in the same way for Breeders it is also point to focus on achieving this target body weight .
Further grading, feeding the flock according to the weights are also important up to 10 weeks of age and try not to over weight during this period will help in later stage to avoid the Uterine prolapse case.
Careful observation around 18 wks of age for any types of enteritis which can lead to NE will also cause Prolapse as body weights can be on lower side and Light stimulation when started it may be a cause of Prolapse .
An other cause which should be keep in mind the very fine mesh Particle size is also causing rectal prolapse in growing stage so Fiber ratio in the feed must be consider for it .
Thanks

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Sheraz Ahmad
3 de junio de 2018

Hi, Me Dr-Sheraz Ahmad
Well said that the phenomena may occur potentially in all breeds due to the upper said reasons, but here I'll add another reason which is
A.I. (artificial insemination) nowadays this technique is used in poultry birds which is also one of the predisposing factors of U.F
Improper and unhygienic AI materials and environment may lead to U.F.

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polina petrova
16 de enero de 2018

Hello. Today I would like to talk about the prolapse of the uterus. What can you say?

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Amfmh Amfmh
24 de octubre de 2017

What are the breeds that do not have the potential for uterine prolapse?

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