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Poultry genetics and reproduction
Poultry breeding has been one of the most impactful advances in the last 100 years. The role that improved global production of eggs and poultry meat have in reducing global hunger and food insecurity is difficult to overstate. The vast majority of these improvements have come from genetic selection for improved feed efficiency, along with streamlining of the overall production system, and better understanding of poultry nutrition. While the industrial approach to poultry production has created a highly consistent and dependable food source the world over, several problems threaten the long term sustainability of this model - including musculoskeletal and metabolic disorders, welfare concerns, and the need to adapt to a changing climate. Researchers in poultry breeding and genetics utilize quantitative, population, and molecular genetic techniques to help understand the effects of selection for economically important traits and enhance genetic performance through changes in environment and management strategies.
France - Groupe Grimaud has established a new company, “NOVOGEN”, focusing on the genetic selection and distribution of layer breeding stock. NOVOGEN is a company under French law, with its headquarters at Quintin, Bretagne in France. Groupe Grimaud is the majority shareholder of NOVOGEN. Under the general management of Mickaël Le Helloco, NOVOGEN S.A.S. focuses on genetic selection, the core business of Groupe Grimaud, and the worldwide distribution of...
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Farm management during the early brooding stage in the life of the chick or poult will determine whether they will reach their full potential. Every hour that a chick’s or poult’s environment is less than optimum reduces growth rate and increases feed conversion ratio and that loss recovered by the end of the growout (Dozier and Donald, 2001). Costs to both the grower and the integrator will be high if a proper brooding environment does not ensure that birds get off to a good, healthy start....
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Like in any other country in the world, the Tunisian poultry industry is also facing the increased cost of feed ingredients and as a consequence the feed cost per kg of chicken. During the “Pamed 2008” exhibition held in June at Hammamet - Tunisia, Jean-François Hamon and Dominique Béchet of Hubbard were informed that the main objective of the major producers remains to produce a live broiler of 1,700g at the lowest possible cost. This is directly related to the feed cost, explaining the...
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On June 04th and 5th, 2008 Hubbard Polska organised its 17th Hubbard Technical Seminar for the Polish poultry industry in Podlesice. Over 150 participants, representing the majority of the parent stock and broilers farmers, hatcheries, processing plants and feed companies, from all over the country were hosted. The...
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Managing the modern broiler breeder female so that she will produce a large number of high quality hatching eggs is a delicate combination of both art and science. Over the past few decades, broiler breeders have undergone intensive selection for faster growth rate, increased yield and improved feed conversion. Although these traits are measured at the broiler level , they impact the breeder hen in ways we often do not consider. The objective with...
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In the poultry industry, there are numerous challenges facing individuals responsible for the reproduction of broiler breeders. Many of these problems stem from the knowledge that increasing body growth rate will generally result in a reduction in reproductive characteristics, and vice versa. This situation is likely to escalate due to increased consumer demands for more white meat and less dark meat, which are attained in the high yield faster growing birds. Therefore, the continued trend...
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Dr. Ir. Gerard Albers will be appointed Director of Hendrix Genetics Research & Technology Centre and member of the Management Committee of Hendrix Genetics in Boxmeer as of 1 August 2008. He will be taking over from Servé Hermans who was the Research & Technology Centre's interim director.
Ir. Servé Hermans will be...
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Cobb-Vantress and Hendrix Genetics are forming an alliance that will strengthen Cobb's leading position in the broiler breeding industry and Hendrix Genetics' leading positions in egglayer, turkey and swine genetics and enable the two companies to explore further joint venture opportunities. Cobb-Vantress Inc and Hendrix Genetics B.V. signed and completed today: (a) A Broiler Joint Venture in which Cobb-Vantress acquired Hybro in...
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New research into poultry fertility may result in an economic boost of $10-$15 million for the poultry industry. With funding from USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service's (CSREES), a team of scientists at Cornell University identified new approaches to improve fertility in broiler hens without compromising growth efficiency. During embryo development in animals, the embryo can develop one of two reproductive duct systems--the mullerian system develops into...
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Poultry and gamebird producers realize that chicks must be kept warm or brooded during the first weeks of life. Surprisingly, improper brooding is one of the most common causes of stress in poultry flocks. Three basic methods are used to brood chicks: 1. The chicks have localized heat source and access to a cooler, unheated area. The chicks determine their own heating needs by moving from hot to cold areas and vice versa. This method is...
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The main goal of broiler breeder management is producing eggs. However, the only good broiler breeder egg is a fertilized egg. Fertility, the percentage of eggs laid that are fertilized, is very important in poultry production. If an egg is not fertilized, then, of course, it will not contain an embryo and will not hatch. Simply put, "Hatchability can never be better than fertility." Hatchability is around eight percentage points lower than fertility because many chick...
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Sexing day-old chicks can be accomplished by one of two methods: 1) vent sexing or 2) feather sexing. Each method has difficulties that make it unsuitable for use by the small flock owner. Vent sexing relys on the visual identification of sex based on appearance of sexual organs. Feather sexing is based on differences in feather characteristics at hatch time. A brief explanation of each method is as follows. Vent sexing of chicks at hatching has complications that make it more...
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The latest addition to the Aviagen product range is the Ross Rowan, a brown-feathered male that is attracting considerable interest throughout the UK and Western Europe. The Ross Rowan has been developed for the speciality markets, such as free range and organic, and is a product like no other on the market, providing customers with a coloured broiler, which is slower growing yet still offers excellent meat yield. Add to this the strengths of all Ross products, such as excellent...
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Two new chicken breeds for the ‘welfare friendly’ sector of the market were launched by Cobb Europe at the British Pig and Poultry Fair. The Cobb 700, developed initially for heavy bird markets seeking high breast meat yield, has the slower growing attributes and robust health that make it suited to the higher welfare version of the standard chicken. “Our farm trails show that the Cobb 700 is the perfect fit for this increasingly significant market,” says Euan...
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Proper Brooder Management is doing everything possible to promote a comfort zone in the broiler pen which will maximize feed and water intake during the first week of life. Low first week mortality is only possible if we start with quality chicks. The manager must evaluate the environment by being present in the barn at least three to four times per day. I like to refer to it as working on your M.B.A.: Masters of Business Administration or Management by Being...
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With pride Hubbard announces that they have become the 2nd largest broiler breeder supplier into the UK market. This success follows Hubbard’s strategy set out many years ago. The UK is the largest broiler breeder market in Europe, and for a long time it has been dominated by 2 UK-based primary breeders. But this has all been changed now through Hubbard’s clear focus on product needs, product development and the investments made by starting up their own production facilities in the...
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There are several important instances in the management of broiler breeders where "more" is not "better". In simple terms, "more feed" allotted to hens to the extreme degree of ad libitum feeding reduces settable egg production by as much as 40 eggs per hen. Breeder hens use dietary energy differently than egg-type hens. Young broiler breeder hen respond to extra dietary energy by develping extra ovarian follicles. Several research projects have been carried out at the University of...
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Scientists in Germany are reporting development of test that can answer one of the most frustrating questions in the animal kingdom: "Is that bird a boy or a girl". Their study, a potential boon to poultry farmers and bird breeders, is scheduled for the Feb. 15 issue of ACS’ Analytical Chemistry, a semi-monthly journal. Juergen Popp and colleagues point out that the boy-girl question can be difficult to answer in birds that lack distinctive, gender-related...
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GENETIC IMPROVEMENT IN POULTRY A major objective of the primary breeding sector of the poultry industry is to genetically improve the efficiency of production, the quality of eggs and meat and the health and welfare of poultry. Efforts are focused on economic traits required by the consumer and producer as well as traits related to environmental issues in poultry production. The impact of biotechnology on poultry genetics and breeding will...
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Cobb-Vantress and Hendrix Genetics are forming an alliance that will strengthen Cobb’s leading position in the broiler breeding industry and Hendrix’s leading positions in egglayer, turkey and swine genetics, and enable the two companies to explore other joint venture opportunities. Cobb-Vantress Inc and Hendrix Genetics B.V. have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to do the following: (a) Form a Broiler Joint Venture in which Cobb-Vantress acquires Hybro, the broiler breeding...
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