Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a major mycotoxin from the trichothecene family of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi that cause disease in grains. Food and feed contaminated with DON cause a variety of adverse health effects in humans and farm animals.
Fifty-four one-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to three different treatment groups (n = 18 per group):
Results showed that the villus height was significantly reduced in the duodenum of the DON treatment group compared with the control group while the antidote alleviated the damage caused by DON. A similar effect was observed in the ratio of villus height and crypt depth (Table 1).
In feeding experiments, the villus height and the ratio of villus height and crypt depth were reduced in the duodenum of DON-fed broiler chickens, whereas mycotoxin degradation enzymes efficiently reversed the abnormal morphology of the small intestine in the DON-fed broilers. This effect was alleviated in the presence of mycotoxin degradation enzymes. DON produced in solid-state fermentation can cause toxic effects in broilers and induce an abnormal morphology of the small intestine, particularly the duodenum.
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