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Enzymes in poultry nutrition
Enzymes are proteins involved in all anabolic and catabolic pathways of digestion and metabolism. Digestive enzymes are categorised as endogenous or exogenous. Endogenous enzymes are produced by the animal and exogenous enzymes are administered from outside. Enzyme supplementation decreases nutrient loss through excreta, reduces diets nutritional levels, improves nutrient availability; thus, enhances production efficiency and profitability. In addition, exogenous enzymes hydrolyse non-starch polysaccharides, increase the usage of feed energy, reduce negative impacts of non-digestive residues on digesta viscosity, and improve gut microbial ecosystem. Cellulase, glucanase, pectinase, xylanase, galactisidases, phytase, non-starch polysaccharides degrading enzymes, amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease are the most common enzymes used in poultry feed.
Introduction: evolution of practical phytase use The beneficial effects of phytase on the availability of phytate phosphorus have been known since the 1960s (Nelson, 1967) with considerable research having been undertaken and reported in the intervening years. Phytases have been available for many years; but not until the environmental impact of agriculture and urban sprawl became a political issue was there pressure to develop and utilize phytase in livestock feeds. The...
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Introduction Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi which are toxic to livestock when consumed in biologically significant amounts. The resulting diseases are referred to as mycotoxicoses. Mold growth and mycotoxin production on feed grains are influenced by many factors but the most important of these is moisture. Stored grains should contain less than 15% moisture to minimize mold growth. Fusarium fungi are commonly found in temperate climates; and Fusarium mycotoxins are...
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Developments in feed enzyme technology can substantially increase the profitability of poultry and pig production while reducing associated financial and health risks, Dr Milan Hruby, Technical Services Manager, Danisco Animal Nutrition, told delegates attending the recent VIV Asia conference in Bangkok from 16th - 18th March 2005.
Feed enzymes have been added to wheat and barley-based poultry and pig feeds for over 15 years, and more recently to those based on corn and sorghum. The...
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