Bruno Tadeu Marotta Lima

IntroductionNowadays, food is eaten to satisfy hunger, to provide the necessary nutrients to us humans and also to prevent nutrition-related illnesses in order to improve physical and mental well-being (SIRÓ et al., 2008). However, human nutrition has been characterized by excessive intake of sodium, cholesterol, omega-6 fatty acids and calories, and by low intake of omega-3 fatty acids, fi ...

INTRODUCTIONAmong the essential amino acids (AA), L-arginine (ARG) is one of the functional amino acids in animals. ARG is a nutritionally very important and essential AA for fish, and is considered the fourth limiting AA in aquafeed. Most of fish species excretes ammonia predominantly through the gills, diffusing NH 3 or NH 4 (ammoniotelic animals). Therefore, unlike mammals, fish have a low hepa ...

1. INTRODUCTIONHistidine (Hist) is one of the 10 essential amino acids for fish, and its importance in nutrition expanding the role of this amino acid beyond its function in protein synthesis. It is well recognized that histidine deficiency can impair growth as well as feed conversion in fish (1, 2). Its metabolites, such as carnosine, anserine and NAH (N-acetyl histidine) play an important role i ...

INTRODUCTIONThe continuous growth of aquaculture production based on fishmeal (FM) is fundamentally unsustainable, since most wild fisheries stocks are already beyond their catch limits (FAO, 2018). Plant-based ingredients, such as soy protein concentrate (SPC), are sustainable products widely used by the aquaculture industry as an important source of protein (ABDUL KADER et al., 2012). Fermented ...

INTRODUCTIONLike other animal production systems, aquaculture has developed into a highly globalized trade-dependent industry, therefore as global fish farming continues to increase, the need for formulating nutritionally balanced and cost-effective diets with high-quality protein source is important (Furuya et al., 2010). In fact, nutritional value of protein in the diet for fish is influenc ...