Sandeep HJ

INTRODUCTIONRumen microbes ferment dietary carbohydrates and protein to obtain ATP, which in turn is the major source of energy required for microbial growth. The two major reactions of rumen fermentation are volatile fatty acids (VFA) and microbial cells; the former are a primary source of metabolizable energy and the latter the primary source of metabolizable amino acids for maintenance and milk ...

Dry Cow Management Goals Every dairy producer's goal for the milking herd should be to maximize feed intake and milk production -- profitably. Proper dry cow management provides the foundation for a successful lactation. Management goals for the dry period include: properly nourishing the developing calf, maintaining optimum body condition score (3.5 to 4.0) ...

Fat found in milk originates from three sources; de novo fatty acids synthesised in the milk gland of the cow (short-chain C4 to C14) comprise about 20-30% of total milk fatty acids, preformed fatty acids (long chain C18:0, C18:1 and C18:3) represent 35-40%, and the mixed group of fatty acids (C16) make up about 35%. Research has shown that the percentage of milk de novo fatty acids is positively ...

Many dairy cows in the developed world are now housed exclusively indoors with fewer than 5% of the 10 million lactating cows in the United States having access to pasture during the grazing season. Indoor housing systems are designed to meet biological needs for food, water, hygiene, and shelter, but surveys of public and farmer opinion suggest that people think that pasture access is also import ...

INTRODUCTION In ancient Vedic literature, there are references to indicate that milk and milk derivatives can be used, among other things, for the treatment of human diseases. It is reported that “only desi Indian cow milk contains 24 essential elements – notable among those are copper and gold (Aurum Hydra oxide) which provide energy & immunity power, highly antibiotics & ant ...