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Dairy cattle diseases
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Healthy hooves put you on solid footing for efficient milk production While walking, you notice a slight irritation and pain coming from your foot. It gradually gets worse and worse. Finally, you have to stop and remove a pebble from your shoe. Nothing else matters until you stop the pain. You’ve just experienced, in a small way, the significant disruption that lameness can have on one of your milking cows. Some herds I’ve recently visited have had production and...
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Healthy Hooves Contribute for Higher Revenue and Lower Costs Ensuring your dairy herd has healthy feet not only helps you sidestep unwelcome costs, it can put more milk in your bulk tank and more dollars in your pocket. One recent study suggests that a single cow coming up lame during a lactation could set you back by more than $200 in reduced production alone. Along with reduced milk production, direct losses from lameness...
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Lice are the most important winter parasites of cattle. The two clinical signs of lice are hair loss and scratching. Lice have been considered by many to be more of a nuisance parasite than an important health problem in cattle. While not a lot of study has gone into the milk production and body condition loss issues associated with lice in dairy cattle I believe that severe lice infestations do cause some milk production and BCS loss in dairy cattle. There are two types of lice: biting...
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Lameness is a major problem on our dairy farms, and its prevalence in the U.S. has increased in recent years. The current trend in the dairy industry is for housing cows in free stall systems with concrete flooring. Research has indicated that exposure to concrete flooring can potentially increase the proportion of cows with hoof disorders in comparison with other systems. We conducted a field study in 50 Minnesota free stall dairy herds (5626 Holstein cows housed in 53 high production...
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A Cornell University study sheds light on the risk of clinical salmonellosis in northeast dairy herds. The study, directed by Lorin Warnick, veterinarian and epidemiologist at Cornell University, followed over 325,000 female dairy cattle for at least a year. Last week, Daryl Nydam, veterinarian and epidemiologist at Cornell, shared highlights of the study at two, one-day calf workshops offered by the Professional Dairy Producers of Wisconsin. During the study, participating...
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“Organic” is a production system that is managed to respond to site-specific conditions by integrating cultural, biological and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. To sell milk as organic, the farm must be certified and inspected to verify that an organic plan is rigorously followed. Interest in organic dairying is on the increase because of the growing organic market, premium prices for organic milk, and a preference for...
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Ensuring your dairy herd has healthy feet not only helps you sidestep unwelcome costs, it can put more milk in your bulk tank and more dollars in your pocket. One recent study suggests that a single cow coming up lame during a lactation could set you back by more than $200 in reduced production alone. Along with reduced milk production, direct losses from lameness include drug costs, veterinary fees and labour. Indirect costs are increased days open and premature culling. While estimates...
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Our thanks to the author and Conference Organisers, a Committee consisting of both University and Industry colleagues. The full paper will appear in the Conference Proceedings ('Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition - 2007', edited by Phil Garnsworthy and Julian Wiseman) published by Nottingham University Press in the autumn of 2007 www.nup.com ...
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A nitrogen-cutting research programme that found dairy cows were less likely to lie down on the job should prompt farmers to think about animal welfare, says a vet. Dexcel researcher Dr Gwyneth Verkerk told farmers at an open day at the organisation's Scott Farm on Thursday that cows using a herd home as part of research into reducing nitrogen were less likely to lie down and slightly more likely to show signs of lameness. "I have some concerns around the system that we are...
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Our thanks to the author and Conference Organisers, a Committee consisting of both University and Industry colleagues. The full paper will appear in the Conference Proceedings ('Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition - 2007', edited by Phil Garnsworthy and Julian Wiseman) published by Nottingham University Press in the autumn of 2007 www.nup.com ...
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It has been long recognised that lameness in dairy cattle is important (Leech et al., 1960). It is usually recognised as coming third to infertility and mastitis as a reason for culling (Whittaker et al.,1983; Enting et al., 1997). Why then, despite numerous workshops and review papers on the subject, do farmers still regularly cite it as being a critical issue on their farms, and why does the incidence appear to be increasing? In this paper, I intend to propose a 3-step action plan to help...
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In the present work, evidence of Listeria monocytogenes antigens based on the avidin–biotin complex (ABC) immunoperoxidase technique was performed on formalin-fixed central nervous system tissues (CNS) from a total of 23 natural cases of encephalitis (four ovine and 19 bovine). Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4 was isolated from 10 of 17 cultured specimens. Meningoencephalitis characterized by focal necrosis, microabscesses, perivascular cuffing, and gliosis with presence of...
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Introduction A viral agent associated to outbreaks of respiratory diseases of bovines, is the Herpes bovis 1 (BHV-1) of the family Herpesviridae which provokes the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). According to the genomic and antigenic type, the BHV-1 divides in BHV-1.1 and BHV-1.2, which, consequently, subdivides in BHV-1.2a and BHV-1.2b. 1 The clinical manifestations and give way of the disease depend on the anatomical site of the infection, age, and...
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According to Teagasc, bulk milk somatic cell counts are increasing at a rate of about 5000 per annum. Why this is happening is anyone's guess, but the fact is, in spite of all the mastitis control programmes out there, either dairy farmers have switched off or the organisms causing the problems are managing to overcome any control programmes put in place.
More worrying though is the increasing number of cases where somatic cell counts are high on dairy farms and the farmers in question are...
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A new finding by a young Australian dairy researcher could offer a quick way of detecting sick cows before they show traditional symptoms.
Cameron Clark studied milk acetone levels of dairy cows in early lactation within the University of Sydney herd at Camden.
His work, funded by Australian dairy farmers through their Dairy Service Levy, studied milk acetone levels and found happy and healthy cows followed a regular cycle.
Sick cows however, recorded disrupted...
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An alternative to the traditional microbiological tests for ultra heat treated (UHT) and extended shelf life (ESL) dairy products speeds up assessments by over two days, according to its manufacturer.
Biotrace International claims its new Cogent Microbial Luminescence System (MLSII) allows dairy producers to release product over 48 hours sooner than traditional methods, thereby reducing inventory and holding requirements, while getting time-sensitive foods to the market faster.
The...
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Intervet has received approval for a new label claim for its Vista cattle vaccine. The modified-live vaccine provides protection against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Type 1 and Type 2, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Parainfluenza3. Now, certain Vista products also will carry a label claim regarding Lepto hardjo.
Vista 5 L5 SQ, L5 SQ and VL5 SQ products are now labeled as an aid in the prevention of urinary shedding of Leptospira hardjo organisms, in...
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Introduction Dairy cows require a rest period between lactations. The udder and the digestive tract especially benefit from rest during the dry period. The dry period is actually the beginning of the next lactation. It is the best time to institute management practices to prevent health problems and to ensure good production in the lactation to follow. This Factsheet describes practices which aim to promote good health and performance in early lactation...
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