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Mycotoxins
Welcome to the page about Mycotoxins of Engormix; a source of knowledge on Mycotoxins.
The term mycotoxin derives from the Greek words “mycos” and “toxikon” and refers to the secondary toxic substances that are produced by fungi under a wide variety of environmental conditions. There are approximately 100 000 species of fungi acknowledged so far however,...
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BIOMIN will provide a comprehensive mycotoxin survey report including contamination results of the year 2007/2008 and the trend of mycotoxin contamination since 2005 will be also evaluated. This report will be free of charge and can be ordered through Biomin's website.
Mycotoxins! For sure you have heard about them already. They are highly toxic secondary metabolic products of molds which impair health and cause disease and death in the humans and animals consuming...
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Mycotoxins are always a major topic of discussion at the World Nutrition Forum: hosts BIOMIN have been fighting them for 25 years and the battle is not yet won - it just gets more complex. The Panel Discussion in 2008 focused on sources of mycotoxins in animal feed.
Between them, the experts who took part in the panel discussion have made around 2000 scientific presentations, ranging from posters to books. Chairing the discussion, Professor Wayne Bryden of the...
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The cool, wet weather continues to be favourable for corn ear mold fungi. This alone is sufficient to cause concern amongst corn producers. The extent of pink ear rot damage (aka Gibberella ear rot; Fusarium graminearum) together with the number of such ears in the field is proportional to the concentration of vomitoxin in the harvested crop. In affected areas, there is also the potential for accumulation of the mycotoxin zearalenone. This has been a less common problem in Ontario corn in...
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Storing feed for livestock is essential in climates like Manitoba where a winter environment may make up half the year. Putting feed up and keeping it in good condition can be difficult, especially in wet summers. Feed spoilage is caused by the growth of undesirable molds and bacteria. Their rapid growth can cause heating of feed, which reduces the energy as well as the vitamins A, D3, E, K and thiamine available to the animal. In addition, moldy feeds tend to be dusty, which reduces...
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Mycotoxins 2009 is a special one day conference on mycotoxins that will provide you with a comprehensive insight into and an overview of a key hazard in modern livestock production that has been specially designed for the pig, poultry and dairy sectors and in particular for farmers, nutritionists, producers, veterinarians, feed mill managers, advisers and legislators. The conference starts by considering mycotoxins and their effects and continues by considering how we can test for and...
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Introduction Mycotoxins are highly undesired substances that should not be present in food and for which a zero tolerance is ideal. However, even the best agricultural, storage and processing practices cannot completely avoid or eliminate these contaminants, and thus it is impossible to achieve a truly mycotoxin-free food chain. Despite low consumer awareness of the problem, health risk related to mycotoxin ingestion has been quantified as exceeding risk from other food-related...
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Mycotoxins’ impact on swine performance In countries where livestock breeding, namely pigs, play an important role and where the animal potential is stretched to its limits, every factor disturbing the industry and the animal’s...
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The primary objective of dairy farmers is to optimize milk production and remain profitable over the long term. This isn’t simple given the volatility of the feed markets, milk prices, changing consumer preferences, and other...
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Fumonisins are a group of recently discovered mycotoxins which belong to the family of Fusarium toxins. The contamination of feedstuffs with mycotoxins poses a serious threat to the health and productivity of animals and cause great economic...
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Despite extensive research and on-farm experience around the world, there is still much to learn about mold and mycotoxins. There are currently about 300 documented mycotoxins, with new ones still being identified. Lagging behind the process of identifying these toxins is the discovery of details behind their clinical effects on humans and animals. Although researchers have attempted to link field incidences of mold to particular toxins, the process of correlating this information is far...
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This review article illustrates the efforts which were done throughout thirty years in the field of mycotoxins; whether for developing the detection methods of some mycotoxins, natural occurrence of these mycotoxins, preserving methods against fungal invasion and mycotoxins production, describing the toxic symptoms of some mycotoxicoses by different animal species, or treating attepts of some mycotoxicoses often found under Egyptian conditions. ...
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The most commonly recognized feed-borne mycotoxins are the aflatoxins and the Fusarium mycotoxins. Our understanding of the etiology of aflatoxicosis is far more complete than our corresponding understanding of Fusarium mycotoxicoses. This is perhaps because of the large volume of literature fueled by the acutely carcinogenic nature of aflatoxins. Analytical methodology for aflatoxins in feedstuffs is also simple, sensitive and reproducible. This is due, in part, to the natural fluorescence...
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Mycotoxins Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi present in feed. Mycotoxin's production depends on fungus specie and strand, plant specie, environmental moisture and...
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Certain kinds of molds in feedstuffs are a periodic problem to livestock producers, although many molds are quite beneficial to the well-being of man. Penicillin, soya sauce, and roquefort cheese are examples of products derived from beneficial molds. Therefore, all molds must not be considered undesirable, but rather should be judged on the basis of the individual mold and its habitat. Mycotoxins are the poisonous substances that can be produced by certain molds under certain...
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Limiting values or safe concentrations of specific mycotoxins are, for the most part, unknown for the horse. A unique challenge is presented when attempting to use non-equine data to effectively define mycotoxin effects on horses, since the horse is comparable to the ruminant in that it is a forage-grazing animal but has a gastrointestinal tract more closely similar to a pig with the addition of a hindgut fermentation process. The nature of the horse also makes the equine quite different...
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Brazil has set another example of leadership in the world. Twenty five years ago they decided not to be dependent on oil and began to produce ethanol from sugar cane; which is approximately 5 times more efficient than producing it from corn and does not affect feed or food prices all over the world. This time the leadership is on the mycotoxin problem. Brazil is one the largest grain producers and exporters of poultry and swine meats in the world. For many years grain growers were very...
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The long, warm days of a typical California summer make life easy for sun-loving cotton plants. But a fungal enemy that causes what's known as Fusarium wilt can make things tough for the plants—and for growers' balance sheets, too. That's why Agricultural Research Service (ARS) plant pathologist Rebecca S. Bennett is researching environmentally friendly ways to fight the fungus. Bennett works at the ARS Western Integrated Cropping Systems Research Unit in Shafter, Calif....
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Pasture grasses, hay, grain, straw and stubble can all support the growth of various fungi. The fungi can exist as saprophytes, living on the outside of the plant and obtaining nutrients from the plant with no benefit to the plant, or exist as endophytes within the plant in a symbiotic relationship, providing benefits to the plant while obtaining nutrients from the plant. The saprophytes include the more common genera Aspergillus, Claviceps, Stachybotrys, Fusarium and...
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Some of your favorite clothes, towels and sheets might be made with cotton, America's best-selling fabric. But cotton plants won't produce top yields of the fluffy white bolls if they're clobbered by a microbe known as FOV race 4, short for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum. Now, studies by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientist Mauricio Ulloa and cooperators may lead to new ways to combat the disease. The Fusarium fungus can clog a plant's vascular system, or...
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