José Francisco Pérez

1. IntroductionWeaning is recognized as a highly stressful period for young pigs, during which they experience maternal separation, new social and dietary conditions, and critical physiological changes. These stressors, often compounded by suboptimal sanitary conditions on farms, can lead to severe outbreaks of diarrhea, typically linked to the proliferation of specific pathogens. The most commonl ...

BackgroundThe process of microbial colonization of the gut after birth plays an important role in the development of the neonatal immune system of mammals with implications during their whole life [1]. Immediately after birth, environmental and maternal bacteria, including colonization via the vagina, nipple surface, and milk, quickly colonize the offspring gut and establish the initial microbiota ...

1. IntroductionMaize is the most common energy source used in commercial monogastric diets, especially in the American, Southern Europe and most Asian countries where maize grain is the primary cereal for poultry feeds (Dei, 2017). However, the nutritional value of maize for livestock feeding can vary (Cowieson, 2005). Genotype, agronomic conditions and pre- and post-harvest processing can affect ...