Mahmoud Khalil

Evaluation of true ileal digestible energy, as a potential energy system for application in broiler feed formulations, requires accurate estimation of the ileal endogenous energy losses (IEEL). The IEEL estimates can be influenced by several factors including bird age and dietary cellulose levels (Khalil et al., 2020). Two experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of age and dietary ...

INTRODUCTIONCereal grains such as wheat, sorghum, barley, and corn are commonly used in poultry diets as major sources of energy. Knowledge of the ME content of cereal grains is critical for their efficient and sustainable use and precise poultry feed formulation. Despite several limitations (Mateos et al., 2019; Wu et al., 2020), the AME is the globally accepted system for describing the availabl ...

1. IntroductionAvailable energy in feed or feed ingredients for poultry can be measured by different systems, with the apparent metabolizable energy (AME) [1], despite its limitations [2,3], being the commonly accepted and extensively used system.Three methods, namely, direct, substitution (or difference), and regression, have been used to determine the AME of ingredients for poultry. In each meth ...

I. INTRODUCTIONEstimating the available energy of feed ingredients is fundamental to formulating a well-balanced diet and lower the production cost. Measurement of apparent metabolisable energy (AME) is the accepted standard procedure for evaluating the available energy value of ingredients for poultry, as it is simple and straightforward and considers most of the energy losses after digestion and ...