View of Enzymes as an Alternative to Antibiotics

Dr Jose Francisco, I confess that the title of the article presented surprised me. However, with the reading of the summary, I was able to perceive the coherence of the subject addressed, when it mentions that the use of enzymes is part of a multidisciplinary action, being necessarily associated with several proven additives. Therefore, it is evident that the use of enzymes instead of antibiotics would not be enough to guarantee the animals' good performance. However, it must be considered that the use of enzymes such as mannanase and or galactosidase in diets using soybean meal, as the main protein source, has its positive actions on the performance of animals, in part, by hydrolyzing the non-starch polysaccharide soybean, which is known to negatively influence the animal microbiota, producing oligosaccharides which in turn favors the microbiota. animals, in part, partial hydrolysis of non-starch polysaccharides, and improvement in the composition of the microbiota.

Basically, Dr. José Francisco voiced a fact that everyone was skeptical about before. At one time, Danisco Animal Nutrition, a manufacturer of feed enzymes, conducted research on the contamination of poultry with Salmonella. And with a small concentration of the pathogen, the bird itself got rid of the salmonella. A scheme of the enzyme's action was even proposed. I will not describe the details, but the enzymes created conditions unfavorable for the growth and reproduction of Salmonella. Don't believe me? I am ready to send you the original presentation slide. By the way, this company is now called DuPont Biotechnologies.

Dr. Fiodor S. Marchenkov ,, would not have the positive effect of the enzyme, related to the hydrolysis of the non-starch polysaccharides contained in the ingredients, with the production of oligosaccharides that would be substrate for intestinal flora favoring the composition of the microbiota. These oligosaccharides could be considered prebiotics. This response can occur in a diet containing soybean meal, whose polysaccharides have a negative effect on the animals' microbiota.

I have opinions that we should enhance amino acid level in feed instead of increasing protein level because,end product of protein metabolism after expanding energy is Amino acid.if we directly provide amino acid to bird then ,growth will high at initial stage . I have wish to work with such dr who are working on Amino Acid as alternative of protein project. I'm looking forward tfor positive response.

Dear Mr.Muhammad, theoretically you are right. But practically there is a lot of problems. At first, there is necessary to detect amino acid profile of the feed, to see excess of some amino acids and insufficiency of other some amino acids. It is necessary to do hydrolysis of protein, and next HPLC with an post-column derivatization. But each next batch of feed or grain, or meal will have different AA profile, depending on field, harvest, supplier, storage conditions. It is necessary to do everyday, and, for example, by each new batch/day you need to collect 365 analyses per year, and make 365 different daily recipes for feed manufacturing plant! Another important thing is that crude protein contains not only different AAs, but also other necessary biologically-active ingredients like peptides, glutatione, polypeptides, enzymes. We cannot calculate it simply as AA mix. At the moment we can do more or less good recipes using PC-optimalization program. If, for example, program say to me: "not enough methionine!", I'm answering: "ok, I will add it!". Best wishes to you, I like your questions. marchenkov150@gmail.com