Additives and feedstuffs in dairy cattle nutrition
Welcome to the page about Additives and feedstuffs in dairy cattle nutrition of Engormix; a source of knowledge on Additives and feedstuffs in dairy cattle nutrition.
Global food demand is set to double by 2050 in line with UN estimates that the world population will increase from today’s 7.6 billion to reach 9.8 billion over the next 26 years. To keep pace with such growth, agricultural systems throughout the world will need to provide extra food to feed the rising number of people. While this is a daunting prospect, such enormous growth will also provide opportunities and challenge for the dairy sector as we seek to keep providing the global...
Lesaffre, an independent key global player in fermentation and microorganisms, announces today the closing of a transaction with dsm-firmenich, a leading innovator in nutrition, health, and beauty, regarding its yeast extract business.
Through this...
The role of Actisaf® Sc 47 in modern dairy nutrition Improving feed efficiency is one of the most effective strategies to reduce GHG emissions, whilst still increasing milk production. As global demands shift from pursuing maximum output, irrespective of the resources used, to the pursuit of balanced sustainability in which efficient production is measured against environmental concerns and the use of finite resources, so similar changes in approach are...
Overview The transition period is defined as approximately 21 days before and after calving, during which dry matter intake is restricted while the demand for nutrients increases rapidly and there are intense metabolic and hormonal changes which impact the whole lactation. These changes result in negative nutrient balance with attendant metabolic disorders and greater risk of disease incidences which affect foetal growth together with cow health, fertility, and milk production...
1. Introduction Both L-glutamate (Glu) and L-glutamine (Gln) are abundant amino acids (AAs) in plant, microbial, and animal proteins [1]. In the whole bodies of sheep and cattle, Glu and Gln are the third and eighth most abundant AAs, respectively. For comparison, the total content of these two AAs, along with other AAs, in feeds [e.g., Bermuda grass, distillers dried grains, and solubles (DDGS)], ruminal microbes, and skeletal muscle proteins is also relatively high, as summarized...
Dry period heat stress significantly reduces milk yield in the subsequent lactation in cows. Altered methylation patterns in mammary tissues is associated with the decline in milk yield. We hypothesized that as a methyl donor, choline (RPC) supplementation reverses similar patterns of methylation and thus productivity in heat-stressed dams. Late-gestation Holstein cows (n = 51) housed in freestall barns were enrolled to either heat stress (HT, n = 12), HT with RPC (HTC, n = 11), cooling (CL,...
Multiple EAA drive milk protein production in dairy cows, including His, Ile, Leu, Lys, Met, and Thr. Therefore, determining bioavailability of rumen-protected AA (RPAA) is essential for optimal EAA supply. We aimed to evaluate bioavailability of lipid-encapsulated prototypes of His, Ile, Lys, Met, and Thr and an isopropyl ester of 2-hydroxy-4- (methylthio) butanoic acid (HMBi). Six Holstein heifers (518 ± 28 kg BW) were allocated in a 6 × 8 Youden square design, with 8 periods...
Current approaches to study choline bioavailability do not account for the ruminal or postruminal bacterial degradation of choline to trimethylamine (TMA) and TMA N-oxide (TMAO). To evaluate choline bioavailability, 8 multiparous Holstein cows (184 ± 109 d in milk) were enrolled in a study with a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were (1) 0 g/d of supplemental choline chloride (CTR), (2) 16.8 g/d of unprotected choline chloride (CC) delivered as a continuous ruminal infusion...
The discovery of choline dates back to 1850s when French pharmacist, Théodore Gobley discovered a group of phospholipids that he named lecithin. Seventy years later, during the discovery of insulin by Frederick Banting, his student Charles Best noticed that depancreatized dogs developed hepatic lipidosis. Subsequently in the early 1930s, Best showed that supplementing lecithin reversed and prevented hepatic lipidosis in dogs and rats. It took another 67 years for dietary choline to be...
A technique has been established to determine the TMR stability of rumen-protected (RP)-lysine products, but the TMR stability of RPcholine (RPC) products has not yet been explored. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the TMR stability of 5 RPC products using a modified technique. Triplicate Ziploc bags containing RPC (equivalent of 1 g of choline chloride [CC]), no RPC (negative control), or unprotected CC (positive control; 1 g of CC) mixed with 200 g of TMR (38% DM) were...
The TMR stability of rumen-protected lysine (RPL) products has been previously investigated, albeit without a positive control, potentially introducing bias. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the TMR stability of 6 RPL products using a modified technique that used an unprotected Lys treatment as a positive control. Triplicate Ziploc bags containing RPL (equivalent of 1 g of Lys), no RPL (negative control) or unprotected Lys-HCl (positive control; 1 g of Lys) mixed with 200 g...
Amino acids (AA) undergo complex metabolism for protein synthesis or excretion after oxidation. We investigated the fate of metabolizable Lys via continuous abomasal infusion of 15 N-Lys. Four rumen-cannulated Holstein cows (147.0 ± 63.2 d in milk, 49.4 ± 9.5 kg milk yield) received 0.6 g/d of 15 N-Lys into the abomasum for 5 d. Cows were offered a common diet (16.6% crude protein; 89% of metabolizable Lys requirement) once daily for an ad libitum intake....
Choline supplementation is known to modify hepatic lipid metabolism in the dairy cow, but little is known about its effect on mammary lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to characterize the effect of increasing doses of abomasally infused choline on milk production and milk lipids using untargeted lipomics. A total of 12 ruminally cannulated Holstein cows were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with 7-d experimental and 7-d rest periods. All cows were fed a common TMR...
Choline is a methyl donor, which may influence DNA methylation, gene expression, and cellular processes. Past studies have found an increase in milk yield when periparturient dairy cows were supplemented with dietary rumen-protected choline (RPC); however, the mechanism behind this response is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effects of dietary RPC supplementation on mammary epigenome-wide DNA methylation. Parous Holstein cows were blocked by calving month...
Gildas JOALLAND, Global Marketing Manager at Phileo by Lesaffre, speaks about the Full Life Cycle Assessment of Yeast Production in the Dairy Industry...
Evonik's animal feed solutions based on low-protein, amino acid enriched diets make animal husbandry more efficient and help save resources. With a growing global population and rising affluence in many regions, the appetite for meat is picking...
1. Introduction Increased atmospheric emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as nitrous oxide (N 2 O), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and methane (CH 4 ), are the primary cause of climate change. These emissions result in unpredictable and erratic rainfall, floods, and droughts [1]. In 2020, agriculture contributed 5865.47 MtCO 2 e, representing 12.34% of its total emissions (47,513.15 MtCO 2 e), including land-use change and forestry...
Traditionally, milk fever prevention programs have attempted to directly alter Ca status of dairy cows at calving. Common approaches include feeding pre-fresh dairy cows diets containing anionic salts, restricting dietary Ca, feeding hyper-dietary Ca and administering Ca boluses. There is an abundance of research in regard to the mechanisms associated with dietary Ca alteration, dietary cation-anion difference as related to parathyroid hormone and vitamin D and the role they play in the...
The quality of the transition period is decisive for the success of the subsequent lactation cycle. Cows with a poorer transition produce less milk, take longer to become pregnant, and are more likely to lose pregnancy and to be culled from the herd, causing substantial economic losses. Investments in infrastructure, personnel, and nutrition focused on prevention and treatment of postpartum health problems, when effective, often result in an excellent return of investment because it...