The road to net-zero livestock production - Pre-conference Symposium
Dr. Ermias Kebreab, University of California, Davis
Livestock production plays a vital role in ensuring global food security by providing essential nutrients. However, it also contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, with the main sources being feed production, enteric emissions (related to digestion), manure storage and application, and the energy used for various farm activities. To substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions within these categories, various mitigation strategies can be implemented.
In feed production, adopting sustainable practices such as no-till farming, cover cropping, and improved nitrogen application methods can lead to significant emissions reductions. There are several options for reducing enteric methane emissions, including the use of inhibitors like 3NOP and bromoform-containing macroalgae, as well as rumen modifiers like tannins, nitrate, and certain essential oils.
Concerning manure management, employing anaerobic digesters and alternative manure treatment techniques can substantially reduce emissions. Additionally, implementing strategies like same-day incorporation of manure can help minimize nitrogen emissions into the air. Finally, transitioning to renewable energy sources for farm activities such as cooling, heating, and heavy machinery operation can further contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the livestock production sector.
While implementing all the mentioned strategies will result in a substantial reduction, it’s important to note that complete elimination of emissions may not be achievable. Therefore, the journey towards achieving net-zero emissions in livestock production is not only essential for mitigating the impact of this industry on the environment but also for ensuring a sustainable and resilient global food system.
Keywords: livestock, net-zero, greenhouse gases.