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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from chicken meat and giblets often produces staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in non-refrigerated raw chicken livers

Published: December 9, 2021
By: Said Kamal Abolghait 1, Amal Gamal Fathi 2, Fatma Mohamed Youssef 3, Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal 3 / 1 Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt; 2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Animal Health Research Institute, 12618 Giza, Egypt; 3 Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
Highlights
• A total of 5.5% (8/144) of the examined chicken samples were contaminated with MRSA.
• Most MRSA isolates (75%, 6/8) harboured the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (seb) gene.
• Ø MRSA isolates initiated SEB production in experimentally contaminated chicken livers within 24 h of storage at > 8 °C.
•SEB was maximally produced at 24 °C when the MRSA counts reached 7.3x103 ± 1.2x103 CFU/g sample homogenate.
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for several difficult-to-treat infections and staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP). This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and enterotoxigenicity of MRSA in broiler chicken meat and giblets. A total of 5.5% (8/144) of the examined samples were contaminated with mecA positive/mecC negative MRSA, with staphylococcal counts of approximately 102 colony forming units (CFU)/g in breast, leg and gizzard samples and approximately 3.3 × 103 CFU/g in frozen liver samples. Most MRSA isolates (75%, 6/8) harboured the staphylococcal enterotoxin B (seb) gene. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) showed that MRSA isolates initiated SEB production in experimentally contaminated chicken livers within 24 h of storage at temperatures over 8 °C. SEB was maximally produced at 24 °C when the MRSA counts reached 7.3 × 103 ± 1.2 × 103 CFU/g sample homogenate. The current study concludes that the main broiler chicken MRSA isolates in Egypt harbour the seb gene. To mitigate possible SEB production, especially in broiler chicken livers, a maximum “out of refrigeration” time limit should be implemented for cold chain poultry products.
   
Abstract published in International Journal of Food Microbiology, Volume 328, 2 September 2020, 108669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108669.
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Fatma Yousseff
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