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Dairy cattle - Management practices
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I decided to write this article following a concrete case, in which I was asked to give an opinion regarding the purchase of fans to cool the cows along the feed line of a certain dairy farm. This manager was 240 meters long and was used to feed (and cool) 320 cows. The dairy owner had two proposals for fans to be installed in the feeding area. The first fan was 50″ in diameter with a 1.5 hp motor and belt drive, with a power consumption of 1.1 kWh. In order to achieve the...
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Lecture given as part of bpt (German National Veterinarians Association) meeting 2024, held as part Euro Tier exhibition, Hannover, Germany. Israel is a small country located in the eastern basin of the Mediterranean Sea. The territory of Israel is 22 thousand square kilometers (Germany is 16 times larger than Israel). Almost two thirds of Israel’s territory is desert and only 20% of it is used for agriculture. Israel population is approximately...
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Lecture given as part of bpt (German National Veterinarians Association) meeting 2024, held as part Euro Tier exhibition, Hannover, Germany. The principal factors affecting world dairy sectors in summer are climate change (global warming) and the Increase cow’s productivity. The high yielding cow generates more than 2000 W of heat (like 25 persons), which is much above her capability to dissipate, in a typical summer day. The cow in Germany will...
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Barn Robot Event
– Moderated live demonstrations – Saxony’s 16th Agricultural Workers' Day on 14 November 2024 – Topic: AI and digitalization in the agricultural sector – Impact on work on the farm – EuroTier 2024: 12 to 15 November in Hanover ...
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1. Introduction Reducing the production costs is becoming more important in the dairy industry. The suitable development of replacement heifers is an expensive investment for dairy farms, so estimations of all associated costs are about 20% of the total production costs [1]. The age at first calving (AFC) reflects the rate of growth of the female. A late entry in the productive life reduces the economic value of the animals, due to the potentially decreased number of...
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Introduction The livestock sector faces the challenge of producing food in the context of increasing global demand for meat, which is estimated to increase by 1.6% per year ( 30 ). Intensification has been a way to improve productivity and efficiency in the beef production sector and has contributed to an increase in food production since the mid-twentieth century ( 18 , 38 ). Intensification of livestock systems is defined as an increase in meat...
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A lot of information has been published in the last decades, dealing with the negative effect of summer heat stress on the productive and reproductive traits of the high yielding cow. Very limited information existed however, up until the last years, on the effect of heat stress on the feed efficiency of cows (as estimated by the feed to milk ratio). Knowing the full extent of the economic losses caused to the cows due to heat load can help to present to the dairy farmers...
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Animal carcass composting for both routine and emergency management of food animal mortalities is a safe method of carcass disposal.{Berge, 2009 126 /id} It has been used in varying extent, depending on region and regulations, from routine composting of poultry carcasses, composting or road kill, to emergency composting of large animals and animal carcass composting in epidemic disease outbreak situations. There is a growing interest in using on-farm composting...
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Heat stress is one of the major loss factors in the dairy industry of many countries in the world, especially those located in warm regions. The loss caused to dairy farms raises from the decrease in cow’s annual milk production and in feeding efficiency, together with the impairment in cow’s health and fertility. The most common cooling treatment provided to the cows today, combines cycles of wetting and forced ventilation. This treatment have the potential to...
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Over the years, the efficiency of dairy cows has experienced significant advancements, particularly when comparing contemporary cows to those from 1944 (see attached graph). Modern dairy cows exhibit enhanced efficiency in land use, feed consumption, and carbon emissions, primarily due to breakthroughs in genetic selection and precision feeding, including the integration of rumen-protected amino acids. Below, I detail some critical points. It is regrettable that the urban populace remains...
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Monitoring and transmitting in real time and continuous manner the body temperature of the cows has become a reality these days. This can improve the effectiveness of cooling treatments given to the cows, with all the benefits that can arise from that. The following article presents the knowledge and experiences accumulated in the last years in Israel, based on monitoring cow's body temperatures, using intravaginal data loggers. In one of my first cooling projects, carried out on a...
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Cooling the cows through a combination of wetting and forced ventilation is the most common method in the world today. I estimate that more than 80% of the cows that are currently cooled in the world are cooled by this method. Today we know very well what is required to cool the cows properly, in terms of the "wetting quality", air speed and the time required for cooling during the day and throughout the year. In this article, I would like to describe how was developed the knowledge on...
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Heat stress is considered one of the main causes of performance and economic losses in the world dairy sector. These losses are proportional to the degree of heat stress cows are subjected to (days or hours per year, cows are exposed to THI above threshold), as well as to the level of production and some nutritional and managerial practices. Do we really know to quantify the total losses? The answer for the moment is no! The literature published until now deals with most of the...
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According to the Italian website CLALIT, in 2021 the Italian dairy sector accounted for almost 10% of the total EU milk production and 6% of EU milk exports. Italy exports nearly 35% of its milk production, mostly cheese, with high added value to the milk. Italian dairy herd consists of 1.6 million dairy cows, most of them in farms located in the Po valley region, in the north of the country. Milk production in 2021 reached 13.2 billion litres, when per cow annual milk production is 8,300...
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The quality of the transition period is decisive for the success of the subsequent lactation cycle. Cows with a poorer transition produce less milk, take longer to become pregnant, and are more likely to lose pregnancy and to be culled from the herd, causing substantial economic losses. Investments in infrastructure, personnel, and nutrition focused on prevention and treatment of postpartum health problems, when effective, often result in an excellent return of investment because it...
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Heat stress (HS) is well known to negatively influence dairy cow’s wellbeing, health and productivity. Heat stress is a multi-billion-dollar global problem. It impairs cow’s performance during summer when cows are exposed to high ambient temperatures, direct and indirect solar radiations, and high humidity. While significant developments have been achieved over the last few decades to mitigate the negative impact of HS, such as physical modification of the environment to protect...
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Global warming and the constant increase in cow yields aggravate the summer problem on dairy farms and increase the production losses caused to dairy producers. An important part of the losses caused is due to the negative effect of heat load on the fertility of cows that are inseminated in summer. To characterize this effect, we collected data from five large-scale, high-yield dairy farms (1,500 to 3,000 dairy cows per herd) located in the "Laguna" region of northern Mexico, characterized...
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Mr. Rehmanullah resident of Maina Doug valley is only 10th class passed livestock farmer, has acquired about two Kenal land on rent basis for the establishment of a small scale dairy farm. A compartment 25 feet long, 15 feet wide and 10 feet high has been constructed, having two big windows on one side...
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Maxime Briche, Western Europe Ruminant Manager at Phileo by Lesaffre, talks about Digescan Service, a sieving kit for a quick evaluation of feed digestibility directly on farm
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