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Fish feed and nutrition
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Bugs are just pests for most people, but a group of Mississippi State University scientists is working to make insects an important crop. Frank Davis, emeritus adjunct professor of entomology, received a phone call in early 2007 from a Florida-based company’s president with an interest in mass-producing insects. “His interest was in mass-producing insects as a sustainable protein source to replace fish meal in fish and livestock feeds,” Davis said. The call brought...
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The risk of transmitting bovine spongiform encephalopathy to animals and humans from feeding cattle blood products to farmed fish is inconclusive. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concludes that there are insufficient data to quantify the degree of BSE risk following the use of bovine dried blood products as an ingredient for feeds for farmed fish. EFSA's scientific panel on biological hazards said that there was only a small chance of fish themselves developing BSE...
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The U.S. Grains Council is partnering with the Idaho Barley Commission to begin low-phytate barley aquaculture feeding trials in Vietnam. Approximately 21 metric tons of low-phytate barley was shipped out of Tetonia, Idaho earlier this month destined for Vietnam where it will be field tested. The barley was donated by the Idaho Barley Commission and the Council arranged for payment of ocean freight. Kelly Olson, Idaho Barley Commission administrator, said the low-phytate barley will be studied...
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Many hours patiently training cod produces results. Scientist Frank Kristiansen has taught wild-caught cod that dry feed is good food - and these cod have doubled their weight in three months. It is currently difficult to receive continual supply of cod because of seasonal fluctuations in the fisheries. However, by taking fish ashore and feeding them like other farmed fish, it is possible to offer consumers cod year-round. Fussy cod However,...
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The popular Fat Tire Amber Ale has been heralded for its "toasty malty" flavor. But the New Belgium Brewing Co. beer has another characteristic: It's a key ingredient in an environmentally friendly form of fish food. Three Colorado entrepreneurs are wagering hundreds of thousands of dollars to convert the wastewater from New Belgium's brewing operations into a high-protein ingredient to feed farm-raised fish. The trio and their Idaho Springs startup hope to usher in...
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Neptune Industries, Inc., a next generation aquaculture technology company with diversified interests in production system technology, food science, sustainable seafood, waste-to-energy production, and related natural and organic food products, announced today that Phase II trials on the Company's Ento-Protein(TM) research has been successfully completed. The completion of Phase II trials represents the pivotal milestone in developing a viable dietary protein alternative in the $7...
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The ethanol industry could spawn another ag industry in the Midwest. That new industry is shrimp farming. “The opportunity is huge,” says Hank Harris, Iowa State University animal science professor. Cheryl Shew, global shrimp sales specialist for Zeigler Brothers a feed company in Gardners, Pa., says people are raising shrimp indoors in Michigan, Indiana and up-state New York. Harris, who’s specialty at ISU has been pork diseases, conducted shrimp research...
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Due to its high palatability and digestibility, as well as its balanced amino acid profile, the aquaculture industry has relied heavily upon fish meal as a major component of aquafeeds; especially for the culture of higher level carnivores, such as the salmonids and certain marine finfish (Hardy, 1999). Global fish meal supplies have remained stable for the past 15 years at approximately 7 million metric tons (mmt) (Tidwell and Allen, 2001; New and Wijkstrom, 2002). But, rather than showing...
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The Soil Association has declared the elimination of synthetic antioxidants in its certified organic fish feeds, giving a new layer of assurance to consumers who wish to purchase organic produce. Organic foods and feeds for organically-reared avoid the use of all synthetic ingredients. Although the organic feed used in land farming had already replaced synthetic antioxidants with natural alternatives, it was more of a challenge in fish farming. The aquaculture industry has relied...
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In recent years there has been particular interest in the role of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) in the maintenance and promotion of animal health. Selenium is well known for its anti-cancer and powerful antioxidant properties (Ganther, 1999; Rayman, 2000; Surai, 2002). Zinc is known for its essential role in growth, immunity and DNA replication. Research on all essential elements, including zinc and selenium, has concentrated on higher organisms, with work on fish being rather fragmentary...
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Add this to the list of ethanol's potential benefits: lowering the cost of fish production. Fish feed is a major expense for many aquaculture operations. New research by Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists shows that ethanol co-products can provide protein for fish feeds at a lower cost than the soybean-corn combinations commonly used. The recent proliferation of ethanol processing facilities has led to a surplus of distiller's dried grains with solubles, or DDGS—a...
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A new analytical method developed at NIFES determines the content of mercury, arsenic, cadmium and lead in foodstuffs in the same method. The method was recently approved as a reference method in the Nordic Committee on Food Analysis. The EU has maximum limits for mercury, lead and cadmium in seafood. Previously, it was necessary to utilize several different analytical methods in order to determine the levels of these metals in foodstuffs. Now, by using a single method, the...
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Although the search for alternatives to fish meal in aquafeeds has been active for the last 30 years (Cho et al., 1974; Dabrowska and Wojno, 1977; Higgs et al., 1978), efforts in the last decade have been intensified on a worldwide scale (Kaushik et al., 1995; Adelizi et al., 1998; Barrows and Hardy, 2001; Lee et al., 2002; Yamamoto et al., 2002). Multiple factors are driving these efforts including regulatory concerns on the environmental effects of nutrient release (Barrows and...
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Aquaculture is expanding in Indonesia, creating an opportunity to increase exports of U.S. distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS). To capitalize on this trend, Dr. Budi Tangendjaja, USGC technical program manager in Indonesia, and Tran Trong Chien, USGC country representative in Vietnam, presented papers on catfish production in Vietnam and the results of feeding trials using DDGS in catfish and tilapia feed at IndoAqua 2007, an aquaculture conference organized by Indonesia’s...
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Aquaculture is expanding in Indonesia, creating an opportunity to increase exports of U.S. distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS). To capitalize on this trend, Dr. Budi Tangendjaja, USGC technical program manager in Indonesia, and Tran Trong Chien, USGC country representative in Vietnam, presented papers on catfish production in Vietnam and the results of feeding trials using DDGS in catfish and tilapia feed at IndoAqua 2007, an aquaculture conference organized by Indonesia’s...
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Aquafeeds have traditionally relied upon fish meals as the major provider of intact protein sources. Indeed, fish meal is often considered to represent the single most utilizable and efficient dietary protein source for carnivorous fishes. However, global production of fish meal has remained relatively static over the last 10-15 years, with supplies unlikely to increase due to severe pressure being exerted on all capture fisheries, including the stocks traditionally relied upon for fish meal...
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In 2006, the Chilean salmon industry produced 600,000 MT of salmonids, of which 10% were produced by Empresas AquaChile S.A., the second largest salmonid producer in the world (Aqua.cl, 2006). In that same year Chilean salmon producers sustained an approximate 12% loss due to mortality (SGS Aquatic Health, 2006). Over half of this loss can be attributed to health-related stressors such as viral, bacterial and/or pathogenic outbreaks (e.g., salmonid rickettsial septicaemia (SRS),...
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The Fisheries College and Research Institute (FCRI) at Tuticorin has developed a unique single cell diet that can be used as a cost-effective substitute for micro algae cultures for shrimp larvae reared in marine hatcheries. Named ‘Marine Single Cell Detritus,’ the product was derived from seaweeds by a team of three scientists at the institute led by S Felix, Professor of Biotechnology Centre. Speaking to The Hindu, V. K. Venkataramani, the FCRI Dean, said that the feed was...
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In Latin America aquaculture production is oriented toward supplying the export market. Exportation of fish and shrimp are major industries in Chile, Peru, Argentina, Uruguay and Ecuador. Ecuador and Chile lead Latin America in aquaculture; and in Ecuador it is the third most important economic industry. Chilean aquaculture is mainly concerned with production of trout, coho and Atlantic salmon. This rapidly developing sector of the economy produced just 4,200 tons for export in 1988...
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Aquaculture is the fastest growing segment of livestock production worldwide, growing in large part because production is switching to more intensive, higher input systems. The main input is feed, which offers tremendous opportunities for aquafeed manufacturers and associated product suppliers. It also presents significant challenges to all sectors of the industry. The protein content in commercial aquafeed, while differing for various species, is much higher than those for...
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The success of intensive aquaculture has been the direct result of improved genetics, nutrition and management as well as maximising disease control. A commercial production system can only be economically viable if these factors are optimised. Key zootechnical parameters to evaluate the efficacy of a system include growth rate, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality, which are influenced primarily by the quality of feed and feed intake. For many years water quality has been the...
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