Etiologic structure of swine bacterial respiratory diseases in Ukrainian pig farms

Objectives: A retrospective epizootic analysis is conducted by us testifies that among infectious pathology of pigs respiratory diseases in the Ukrainian pig farms are most mass and unprofitable and largely reduce the profitability of the industry. From all respiratory diseases in pig breeding farms, bronchopneumonias diagnose mostly, and the special danger among them is presented by respiratory diseases of infectious etiology.

Therefore the aim of our work was to educe the features of etiologic structure of swine bacterial respiratory diseases and estimate their meaningfulness at motion of the associated infections.

Methods: 20 pig breeding economies were inspected by us, including large pig breeding complexes and farmers farms with realization of regular complex diagnostic researches. In pig farms, where epizootic inspections were conducted, bacteriological studies of biomaterials were undertaken from the dead and forcedly hammered pigs of the different age-related groups. With the aim of study of biochemical properties of different strains of microorganisms used test-system API 20 E® (BioMeriex). For authentication and specific differentiation of isolates of microorganisms used PCR method. During serological researches on a presence in the serums of blood of pigs of antibodies to M. hyo and App used the test-systems: set on the basis of monoclonal antibodies for a ELISA (DACO), CHEKIT-APP-ApxIV ELISA Test Kit (IDEXX), ID Screen APP Screening Indirect ELISA, (IDVet).

Results: Thus, the following 85 cultures of different microorganisms have been isolated from the infected lungs of pigs: 16 microorganism species (E.coli – 45.9 %, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae – 18.8 %, Salmonella choleraesuis – 11.7 %, Haemophilus parasuis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae – 3.5 %, and other – 21.1 %).

A feature is that in 21th samples of biomaterials (16,5% were identified for 2 and more species of microorganisms. Given, the got as a result of our researches confirm the polyetiological structure of swine bacterial respiratory diseases and role of conditionally-pathogenic microflora in their motion. The immunological monitoring of the Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae the basic agents of swine bacterial respiratory diseases was conducted and it is proved Mycoplasmas pneumonia and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae agents be associate circulated among the pigs of Ukrainian farms.

Conclusion: From the standards of the staggered lungs of pigs isolated the causative bacteriological agents, namely: Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Haemophilus parasuis, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Salmonella choleraesuis, E. coli, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus suis, Proteus vulgaris. It is well-proven that at control of respiratory diseases of pigs it is necessary to consider that their reason usually is an association of microorganisms.

Outcomes: Association of microorganisms more frequently often causes mass pigs respiratory diseases, which is hard to treat properly and prophylaxis antibacterial and immunobiological preparations and needs further study.