Carol J. Cardona

IntroductionHighly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 persists in natural reservoirs of aquatic birds and waterfowl. In 1996 it was discovered that infected wild geese in Southern China were responsible for transmitting the virus to poultry [1]. In 2003, HPAIV H5N1 began to spread from Southeast Asia to other regions, and in the past decade it has caused numerous outbreaks on poultry fa ...

IntroductionSwine influenza is an acute respiratory disease caused by swine influenza viruses (SIV). The symptoms and signs generally include fever, sneezing, nasal rattles, and respiratory distress in pigs. Pigs recover within a few days, but severe signs can develop and mortality can reach up to 10%when highly virulent strains are involved [1] or pigs are infected at young ages [2,3]. Pigs have ...