Ashraf Nouh

INTRODUCTIONPioneer colonization of intestinal microbiota has a major effect on driving the maturation and composition course of microbial communities over time (Juricova et al., 2013; Rodrigues et al., 2019; Wilson et al., 2019). Later, the cross-talk between microbiota composition and immune cells has been highly associated with the establishment of immune competence (Crhanova et al., 2011; Chun ...

  Introduction Poultry production has undergone a substantial increase compared to other animal food-producing industries since 1970 (Yegani and Korver, 2008). Improvements in housing, genetic selection for growth rate, and advances in feed formulation achieved by matching nutrient requirements of the birds and nutrient contents of the feedstuffs, have resulted in higher meat yield, improve ...