Article published the December 21, 2020
INTRODUCTIONNewly hatched birds have immature and undeveloped immune system (Bar-Shira et al., 2003). Maternalderived antibodies (MDA) play a critical role in early protection against pathogenic organisms (Kramer and Cho, 1970). Maternal antibodies are immunoglobulins that are transferred from vaccinated or naturally infected breeder hens to the progeny through the egg, which provide passive immun ...
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