Quality and Adulteration Aspects of Milk Sold in Different Areas of Faisalabad
The study was conducted to analyze the chemical composition, hygienic status, and the extent adulteration with adulterants being used by the persons involved in milk marketing. For this purpose 144 milk samples were collected from 3 localities (rural, peri-urban and urban) situated around Faisalabad. Thirty six samples were taken from each locality within four weeks (12 samples per week). Analyses were done in dairy laboratory, Department of Livestock Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad by using standard procedures and techniques. The results for the physical examination on the basis of locality, the general appearance, odour and colour were non-significant while consistency (Watery: 4.2, 25.0 and 41.7; Normal: 95.8, 75.0 and 58.3) and sedimentation (Sediments present: 16.7, 41.7 and 43.8%) were significant (P=0.001, <0.05) but time had non-significant effect for all parameter. The results for chemical composition on the basis of locality, the fat (4.83, 3.88 and 3.53%), protein (3.65, 3.21 and 2.97%), lactose (5.33, 4.71 and 4.29%), SNF (9.78, 8.62 and 7.79%) and TS % (14.59, 12.51 and 11.29) were significant; freezing point (-0.518, 0.416 and -0.412 °C) and specific gravity (1.0269, 1.0242 and 1.0227) (P<0.001, P<0.05) were also significant while time had non-significant effect for all. The results for hygienic status of milk samples on the basis of locality, the methylene blue reduction time (2.271, 2.146 and 1.896 hours) and somatic cell count were significant (P<0.001) and acidity was not significant while results for the effect of time, acidity (0.187, 0.170, 0.216 and 0.146) and somatic cell count (61625, 65563 and 47531) were significant (P<0.001) while methylene blue reduction time was non-significant. The results for milk adulteration of urea (4.2, 20.8 and 27.1%), carbonate (0.0, 6.3 and 12.5%) and water (9.6, 17.5 and 24.3%) were significant (P<0.01, <0.05, and <0.001 ) while adulteration of starch, H2O2, detergent, sorbitol, QAC, boric acid, cane sugar, sodium chloride, formalin, and hypochlorite were non-significant. Milk samples collected from rural areas were found satisfactory as compared to the urban and peri-urban areas on the basis of quality.
Keywords: Milk, Adulteration, Chemical and hygienic quality, Faisalabad
